国际航线迂回的特征化
Towards Characterizing International Routing Detours
摘要：
目前没有要求（技术或其他）BGP路径必须包含在国家边界内。事实上，有些道路会在国际上绕道而行，来自一个国家，跨越国际边界并返回同一个国家。在大多数情况下，这些是服务于多个国家的ISP的明智的流量工程或对等决策。在某些情况下，这种迂回可能是可疑的。描述国际迂回路线的特征对一些参与者很有用：（a）试图诊断持续存在的问题的网络工程师，（b）旨在遵守某些国家通信政策的政策制定者，（c）寻找机会部署新网络的企业家，或（d）试图尽量减少穿越不同管辖区的内部通信量的注重隐私的国家。在本文中，我们描述了2016年1月期间互联网上的国际弯路。为了检测迂回，我们每8小时从跨越30个国家的461个RouteViews和RIPE RIS对等体中采样一次BGP RIB。然后通过地理定位每个AS宣布的每个BGP前缀，映射其在IXP和地理定位基础设施IP上的存在，来地理定位可见AS。最后，分析每个全局BGP RIB条目，寻找迂回路线。我们的分析显示，超过5K的唯一BGP前缀经历了绕道。少数AS会导致大多数弯路，一小部分前缀受到的影响最大。我们观察到大约544K的绕行。绕道要么持续几天，要么持续整个月。在所有的绕道中，超过90%是持续72小时或更短的短暂绕道。我们还展示了不同国家经历的绕道的不同特点。
英文摘要：
There are currently no requirements (technical or otherwise) that BGP paths must be contained within national boundaries. Indeed, some paths experience international detours, i.e., originate in one country, cross international boundaries and return to the same country. In most cases these are sensible traffic engineering or peering decisions at ISPs that serve multiple countries. In some cases such detours may be suspicious. Characterizing international detours is useful to a number of players: (a) network engineers trying to diagnose persistent problems, (b) policy makers aiming at adhering to certain national communication policies, (c) entrepreneurs looking for opportunities to deploy new networks, or (d) privacy-conscious states trying to minimize the amount of internal communication traversing different jurisdictions. In this paper we characterize international detours in the Internet during the month of January 2016. To detect detours we sample BGP RIBs every 8 hours from 461 RouteViews and RIPE RIS peers spanning 30 countries. Then geolocate visible ASes by geolocating each BGP prefix announced by each AS, mapping its presence at IXPs and geolocation infrastructure IPs. Finally, analyze each global BGP RIB entry looking for detours. Our analysis shows more than 5K unique BGP prefixes experienced a detour. A few ASes cause most detours and a small fraction of prefixes were affected the most. We observe about 544K detours. Detours either last for a few days or persist the entire month. Out of all the detours, more than 90% were transient detours that lasted for 72 hours or less. We also show different countries experience different characteristics of detours.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
