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arXiv 1606.01263astro-ph.GAastro-ph.SR
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超新星遗迹附近的NH $_3$(3,3)和CH $_3$ OH:GBT和VLA观测

NH$_3$(3,3) and CH$_3$OH near Supernova Remnants: GBT and VLA Observations

Bridget McEwen, Ylva Pihlström, Loránt Sjouwerman

摘要:

我们报告绿岸望远镜23.87 GHz NH $_3$(3,3),在五个超新星遗迹与分子云(G1.4 $-$ 0.1,IC 443,W 44,W51 C和G5.7 $-$ 0.0)相互作用的发射观测。观测结果显示出团簇气体的密度分布,在大多数情况下,$\sim3-4$,km,s $^{-1}$的窄线宽暗示着脉泽发射。甚大天线阵观测表明,36~GHz和44~GHz CH $_3$ OH脉泽发射占NH $_3$的72%,峰值位置朝向其中三个SNR。这种良好的位置相关性与每条线的激发所需的高密度一致。通过这些观察,我们已经表明,CH $_3$ OH和NH $_3$,脉泽发射可以用作超新星遗迹冲击的高密度气体团块的指标,并提供密度估计。NH $_3$(3,3)发射的光学深度的建模进行了比较,CH $_3$ OH,约束的聚团的密度为一个典型的密度的顺序$10^5$ ~cm $^{-3}$的同空间脉泽。人们发现,具有这种密度的气体区域存在于非常接近SNR冲击波阵面的冲击后气体中,并且可能与宇宙射线通过中性π衰变产生γ射线发射的地点有关。

英文摘要:

We report on Green Bank Telescope 23.87 GHz NH$_3$(3,3), emission observations in five supernova remnants interacting with molecular clouds (G1.4$-$0.1, IC443, W44, W51C, and G5.7$-$0.0). The observations show a clumpy gas density distribution, and in most cases the narrow line widths of $\sim3-4$\,km\,s$^{-1}$ are suggestive of maser emission. Very Large Array observations reveal 36~GHz and/or 44~GHz CH$_3$OH, maser emission in a majority (72\%) of the NH$_3$, peak positions towards three of these SNRs. This good positional correlation is in agreement with the high densities required for the excitation of each line. Through these observations we have shown that CH$_3$OH, and NH$_3$, maser emission can be used as indicators of high density clumps of gas shocked by supernova remnants, and provide density estimates thereof. Modeling of the optical depth of the NH$_3$(3,3) emission is compared to that of CH$_3$OH, constraining the densities of the clumps to a typical density of the order of $10^5$~cm$^{-3}$ for cospatial masers. Regions of gas with this density are found to exist in the post-shocked gas quite close to the SNR shock front, and may be associated with sites where cosmic rays produce gamma-ray emission via neutral pion decay.

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