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arXiv 1605.07652cond-mat.mes-hall
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非厄米量子输运中的生存、衰变和拓扑保护

Survival, decay, and topological protection in non-Hermitian quantum transport

Mark S. Rudner, Michael Levin, Leonid S. Levitov

摘要:

非厄米量子系统可以表现出独特的可观测性,在衰变的存在下表征拓扑保护的传输。拓扑保护产生于与非衰减暗态相关联的绕组数,其与环境解耦,因此不受耗散的影响。在这里,我们发展了一个分类的拓扑动力学相的一维量子系统与排列的吸收网站。这是使用布洛赫理论的框架来描述暗态和相关的拓扑不变量。可观测量,如粒子在其寿命内的平均位移,具有量子化的贡献,这些贡献由哈密顿参数空间中暗态子流形周围的循环缠绕数决定。在拓扑转变的缠绕数的变化表现在非解析行为的观察。我们讨论的条件下,可能会发现非平凡的拓扑相位,并提供的例子,演示如何额外的约束或对称性,可以导致丰富的拓扑相图。

英文摘要:

Non-Hermitian quantum systems can exhibit unique observables characterizing topologically protected transport in the presence of decay. The topological protection arises from winding numbers associated with non-decaying dark states, which are decoupled from the environment and thus immune to dissipation. Here we develop a classification of topological dynamical phases for one-dimensional quantum systems with periodically-arranged absorbing sites. This is done using the framework of Bloch theory to describe the dark states and associated topological invariants. The observables, such as the average particle displacement over its life span, feature quantized contributions that are governed by the winding numbers of cycles around dark-state submanifolds in the Hamiltonian parameter space. Changes in the winding numbers at topological transitions are manifested in non-analytic behavior of the observables. We discuss the conditions under which nontrivial topological phases may be found, and provide examples that demonstrate how additional constraints or symmetries can lead to rich topological phase diagrams.

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