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arXiv 1605.05046gr-qc
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(反)de Sitter时空中的测地线

Geodesics in the (anti-)de Sitter spacetime

Nguyen Phuc Ky Tho

摘要:

给出了(反)de Sitter AdS $_4$和dS $_4$时空中测地线方程的一类精确解.在AdS $_4$和dS $_4$时空中,测试粒子的测地线分别是正弦和双曲正弦世界线.光线的世界线是已知的直线。特别是,测试粒子的世界线不依赖于它们的能量。AdS $_4$时空的自发对称性破缺为真空中虚粒子和反粒子对的产生提供了物理解释。有趣的是,一对粒子的能量及其粒子沿测地线运动的时间可以通过类似于海森堡不确定性(一种有关量子真空涨落的关系)的关系来联系起来。AdS $_4$时空的正弦测地线可以描述虚粒子和反粒子的世界线。dS $_4$时空的双曲正弦测地线可以解释为什么星系以正加速度运动。

英文摘要:

A class of exact solutions of the geodesic equations in (anti-)de Sitter AdS$_4$ and dS$_4$ spacetimes is presented. The geodesics for test particles in AdS$_4$ and dS$_4$ spacetimes are respectively sinusoidal and hyperbolic sine world lines. The world line for light rays is straight lines as known. In particular, the world lines of test particles are not dependent on their energy. Spontaneous symmetry breaking of AdS$_4$ spacetime provides a physical explanation for arising of the virtual particle and antiparticle pairs in vacuum. Interestingly, the energy of a pair and the time its particles moving along their geodesics can be related by a relation similar to Heisenberg uncertainty one pertaining quantum vacuum fluctuations. The sinusoidal geodesics of AdS$_4$ spacetime can describe the world lines of the virtual particles and antiparticles. The hyperbolic sine geodesics of dS$_4$ spacetime can explain why galaxies move apart with positive accelerations.

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