寻找第一个引力波GW150914的光学对应物的J-GEM跟踪观测
J-GEM Follow-Up Observations to Search for an Optical Counterpart of The First Gravitational Wave Source GW150914
摘要：
我们提出了我们的光学跟踪观测，以寻找第一个引力波源GW 150914的电磁对应物，在日本合作的引力波电磁跟踪（J-GEM）的框架内，这是一个观测组利用光学和射电望远镜在日本，以及那些在新西兰，中国，南非，智利和夏威夷。我们在日本的1.05米木曾施密特望远镜上用木曾宽视场照相机（KWFC）进行了一次宽视场成像调查，在新西兰的B&C 61厘米望远镜上用Tripole 5进行了一次以星系为目标的调查。在引力波探测4-12天后，用KWFC在i波段总共观测了大约24个deg 2区域，用Tripole 5在g、r和i波段观测了18个邻近星系。KWFC数据的中值5 σ深度为i~18.9等，Tripole 5数据的中值5 σ深度为g~18.9等、r~18.7等和i~18.3等。在初始天空图中，对应物出现在观测区域的概率为1.2%，在最终天空图中为0.1%。我们没有发现任何与外部星系相关的瞬变源，其中心有空间偏移，这与当地超新星的发生率是一致的。我们总结了未来的前景和正在进行的努力，以确定电磁对应的双黑洞合并以及中子星合并。
英文摘要：
We present our optical follow-up observations to search for an electromagnetic counterpart of the first gravitational wave source GW150914 in the framework of the Japanese collaboration for Gravitational wave ElectroMagnetic follow-up (J-GEM), which is an observing group utilizing optical and radio telescopes in Japan, as well as those in New Zealand, China, South Africa, Chile, and Hawaii. We carried out a wide-field imaging survey with Kiso Wide Field Camera (KWFC) on the 1.05-m Kiso Schmidt telescope in Japan and a galaxy-targeted survey with Tripole5 on the B&C 61-cm telescope in New Zealand. Approximately 24 deg2 regions in total were surveyed in i-band with KWFC and 18 nearby galaxies were observed with Tripole5 in g-, r-, and i-bands 4-12 days after the gravitational wave detection. Median 5-sigma depths are i~18.9 mag for the KWFC data and g~18.9 mag, r~18.7 mag, and i~18.3 mag for the Tripole5 data. Probability for a counterpart to be in the observed area is 1.2% in the initial skymap and 0.1% in the final skymap. We do not find any transient source associated to an external galaxy with spatial offset from its center, which is consistent with the local supernova rate. We summarize future prospects and ongoing efforts to pin down electromagnetic counterparts of binary black hole mergers as well as neutron star mergers.
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