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arXiv 1604.08078cond-mat.stat-mech
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具有正常相、超流相和超固相的纯物质的熵几何构作

Entropy geometric construction of a pure substance with normal, superfluid and supersolid phases

Manuel Mendoza-Lopez, Victor Romero-Rochin

摘要:

利用热力学定律和实验数据,给出了纯物质$S = S(E,N,V)$与$S$熵、$E$能量、$N$粒子数和$V$体积之间基本关系的定性几何构造.我们分析了两种非常普遍的物质,一种是“正常”物质,一种是“量子”物质,它们之间的主要区别在于后者呈现出超流体相。结果表明,两种情况下的等熵能级曲线完全不同,正常物质的等熵能级曲线是钝的,而量子物质的等熵能级曲线是锐的。前面结果的一个伴随特征是,在量子物质中化学势可以是正的也可以是负的,但在正常物质中只能是负的。我们的研究结果表明,在量子物质中存在一个区域,可以确定为超固相。我们还强调了超冷气体超流性的背景下,本研究的相关性。

英文摘要:

Using the laws of thermodynamics together with empirical data, we present a qualitative geometric construction of the fundamental relation of a pure substance $S = S(E,N,V)$, with $S$ entropy, $E$ energy, $N$ number of particles and $V$ volume. We analyze two very general type of substances, a "normal" and a "quantum" one, the main difference between them being that the latter presents superfluid phases. It is found that the constant entropy level curves are completely different in both cases, in the normal substances being obtuse while acute in quantum ones. A concomitant signature of the previous result is that the chemical potential can be both positive and negative in quantum substances, but only negative in normal ones. Our results suggest the existence of a region in the quantum substances that may be identified as a supersolid phase. We also make emphasis on the relevance of the present study within the context of superfluidity in ultracold gases.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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