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arXiv 1604.07035math.CO
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隔离引理的紧界与猜想

Tight bounds and conjectures for the isolation lemma

Vance Faber, David G. Harris

AI总结:

本文针对隔离引理,给出隔离权重函数数量的改进下界,并猜想极值情况为 $n$ 条单元素边,在多种特殊情形下证明猜想成立。

摘要:

给定一个超图 $H$ 及其顶点上的权重函数 $w: V \rightarrow \{1, \dots, M\}$,我们称 $w$ 是隔离的,如果恰好存在一条最小权重的边 $w(e) = \sum_{i \in e} w(i)$。隔离引理是 Mulmuley 等人(1987)提出的一个组合原理,它给出了隔离权重函数数量的下界。Mulmuley 将其用作寻找完美图匹配的并行算法的基础。它还有其他一些应用,包括并行算法以及将一般搜索问题归约为唯一搜索问题(其中解的数量为零或一)。Mulmuley 等人给出的原始界最近被 Ta-Shma(2015)改进。在本文中,我们展示了隔离权重函数数量的改进下界,并猜想极值情况是当 $H$ 由 $n$ 条单元素边组成时。当 $M \gg n$ 时,我们的改进界渐近地匹配这个极值情况。我们能够证明这个猜想在若干特殊情况下成立:当 $H$ 是线性超图或 1-退化时,或者当 $M = 2$ 时。我们还证明当 $M \gg n \gg 1$ 时它渐近成立。

英文摘要:

Given a hypergraph $H$ and a weight function $w: V \rightarrow \{1, \dots, M\}$ on its vertices, we say that $w$ is isolating if there is exactly one edge of minimum weight $w(e) = \sum_{i \in e} w(i)$. The Isolation Lemma is a combinatorial principle introduced in Mulmuley et. al (1987) which gives a lower bound on the number of isolating weight functions. Mulmuley used this as the basis of a parallel algorithm for finding perfect graph matchings. It has a number of other applications to parallel algorithms and to reductions of general search problems to unique search problems (in which there are one or zero solutions). The original bound given by Mulmuley et al. was recently improved by Ta-Shma (2015). In this paper, we show improved lower bounds on the number of isolating weight functions, and we conjecture that the extremal case is when $H$ consists of $n$ singleton edges. When $M \gg n$ our improved bound matches this extremal case asymptotically. We are able to show that this conjecture holds in a number of special cases: when $H$ is a linear hypergraph or is 1-degenerate, or when $M = 2$. We also show that it holds asymptotically when $M \gg n \gg 1$.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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