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arXiv 1604.05798nlin.PScond-mat.quant-gas
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二维各向异性离散晶格中的偶极物质波孤子

Dipolar matter-wave solitons in two-dimensional anisotropic discrete lattices

Huaiyu Chen, Yan Liu, Qiang Zhang, Yuhan Shi, Wei Pang, Yongyao Li

摘要:

数值模拟了强各向异性光晶格中圆盘状偶极玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中的二维物质波孤子.所考虑的OL是正方形晶格,可以通过干涉两对具有不同强度的平面波形成。在正交方向上,相邻两个晶格之间凝聚体的跳跃速率不同,从而形成线性各向异性系统。我们发现,当偶极子的极化方向平行于圆盘平面且方向相同时,线性各向异性和非局域非线性各向异性的综合作用强烈地影响着晶格孤子的形成和动力学行为。特别地,当这些组合效应达到平衡时,发现了各向同性模式孤子(IPS)。通过系统的仿真研究了IPS的运动、碰撞和旋转。我们进一步发现,这些IPS可以自由移动的二维各向异性离散系统,从而产生各向异性的有效质量。四种类型的IPS之间的冲突被确定。通过将外部磁场旋转到临界角速度,IPS仍然可以保持局部化并发挥呼吸作用。最后,讨论了考虑接触/局部非线性时,线性和非局部非线性各向异性的综合影响。

英文摘要:

We numerically demonstrate two-dimensional (2D) matter-wave solitons in the disk-shaped dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) trapped in strongly anisotropic optical lattices (OLs) in a disk's plane. The considered OLs are square lattices which can be formed by interfering two pairs of plane waves with different intensities. The hopping rates of the condensates between two adjacent lattices in the orthogonal directions are different, which gives rise to a linearly anisotropic system. We find that when the polarized orientation of the dipoles is parallel to disk's plane with the same direction, the combined effects of the linearly anisotropy and the nonlocal nonlinear anisotropy strongly influence the formations, as well as the dynamics of the lattice solitons. Particularly, the isotropy-pattern solitons (IPSs) are found when these combined effects reach a balance. Motion, collision and rotation of the IPSs are also studied in detail by means of systematic simulations. We further find that these IPSs can move freely in the 2D anisotropic discrete system, hence giving rise to an anisotropic effective mass. Four types of collisions between the IPSs are identified. By rotating an external magnetic field up to a critical angular velocity, the IPSs can still remain localized and play as a breather. Finally, the influences from the combined effects between the linear and the nonlocal nonlinear anisotropy with consideration of the contact/local nonlinearity are discussed too.

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