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arXiv 1603.09475astro-ph.GA
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由宇宙学初始条件建立粒子群III初始质量函数

Building up the Population III initial mass function from cosmological initial conditions

Athena Stacy, Volker Bromm, Aaron T. Lee

摘要:

我们模拟人口III恒星系统的增长,从宇宙学的初始条件在z=100。我们遵循形成的一个minihalo和随后的崩溃,其中心气体的高密度,解决规模小至1 AU。使用汇粒子代表不断增长的原恒星,我们模拟的第一个水槽周围的光解离和电离区域的增长,继续模拟初始原恒星形成后的~ 5000年。随着第一个形成的下沉,在最大质量的恒星周围形成电离前沿之前,会形成数十个次级下沉。由此产生的集群有高速率的汇的形成,从恒星盘喷射,并在第一个2000年,辐射反馈开始之前的汇合并。到这个时候,一个温暖的~ 5000 K的中性气体相已经膨胀到大约2000 AU的圆盘半径,减缓了圆盘上的质量流和下沉。到5000年,最大质量的恒星增长到20 M_sol,而恒星的总质量接近75 M_sol。在大约40个汇中,大约30个是低质量的(M_* < 1 M_sol),如果模拟解决了更小的尺度,可能会形成更多的汇。因此,原恒星的辐射反馈不足以防止快速的盘碎片和形成一个高成员的Pop III集群电离前出现。在整个模拟过程中,大部分恒星质量都包含在最大质量的恒星中,这进一步表明Pop III初始质量函数是头重脚轻的。

英文摘要:

We simulate the growth of a Population III stellar system, starting from cosmological initial conditions at z=100. We follow the formation of a minihalo and the subsequent collapse of its central gas to high densities, resolving scales as small as ~ 1 AU. Using sink particles to represent the growing protostars, we model the growth of the photodissociating and ionizing region around the first sink, continuing the simulation for ~ 5000 yr after initial protostar formation. Along with the first-forming sink, several tens of secondary sinks form before an ionization front develops around the most massive star. The resulting cluster has high rates of sink formation, ejections from the stellar disc, and sink mergers during the first ~ 2000 yr, before the onset of radiative feedback. By this time a warm ~ 5000 K phase of neutral gas has expanded to roughly the disc radius of 2000 AU, slowing mass flow onto the disc and sinks. By 5000 yr the most massive star grows to 20 M_sol, while the total stellar mass approaches 75 M_sol. Out of the ~ 40 sinks, approximately 30 are low-mass (M_* < 1 M_sol), and if the simulation had resolved smaller scales an even greater number of sinks might have formed. Thus, protostellar radiative feedback is insufficient to prevent rapid disc fragmentation and the formation of a high-member Pop III cluster before an ionization front emerges. Throughout the simulation, the majority of stellar mass is contained within the most massive stars, further implying that the Pop III initial mass function is top-heavy.

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