含时电场中光剥离的闭合轨道理论
Closed-orbit theory for photodetachment in a time-dependent electric field
摘要：
将标准闭合轨道理论推广到含时电场中负离子的光剥离。基于精确的量子模拟和半经典分析，研究了单周期太赫兹脉冲下的光剥离速率随时间的变化。我们发现，光剥离速率不受弱太赫兹场的影响，但当太赫兹脉冲足够强时，光剥离速率会发生复杂的振荡。通过将标准闭合轨道理论推广到含时形式，确定了强单周期太赫兹脉冲中光电子运动的三种经典闭合轨道，并定量地建立了它们与振荡光剥离速率的关系.通过比较负氢离子和负氟离子，可以观察到同相和反相振荡，这取决于贡献的闭合经典轨道的简单几何形状。由于其通用性，所提出的理论提供了一个直观的理解，从一个依赖于时间的观点的光剥离动力学驱动的外部电场在低频振荡。
英文摘要：
The standard closed-orbit theory is extended for the photodetachment of negative ions in a time-dependent electric field. The time-dependent photodetachment rate is specifically studied in the presence of a single-cycle terahertz pulse, based on exact quantum simulations and semiclassical analysis. We find that the photodetachment rate is unaffected by a weak terahertz field, but oscillates complicatedly when the terahertz pulse gets strong enough. Three types of closed classical orbits are identified for the photoelectron motion in a strong single-cycle terahertz pulse, and their connections with the oscillatory photodetachment rate are established quantitatively by generalizing the standard closed-orbit theory to a time-dependent form. By comparing the negative hydrogen and fluorine ions, both the in-phase and antiphase oscillations can be observed, depending on a simple geometry of the contributed closed classical orbits. On account of its generality, the presented theory provides an intuitive understanding from a time-dependent viewpoint for the photodetachment dynamics driven by an external electric field oscillating at low frequency.
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