蜱传疾病的非系统性传播：网络方法
Non-systemic transmission of tick-borne diseases: a network approach
摘要：
蜱传疾病可以通过非系统性（NS）传播。当蜱虫通过与同一宿主上的受感染蜱虫共食而感染时，会发生这种情况，导致病原体在载体之间直接传播，而不会感染宿主。这种传播是特殊的，因为它不需要宿主的任何系统感染。NS传播是蜱传脑炎病毒在自然界持续存在的主要有效传播途径。通过描述宿主上的异质蜱聚集通过\hyphenation{dynamical}二分图表示，我们能够在数学上定义NS传输，并描绘病原体持久性的流行病学条件。尽管底层网络在很大程度上是碎片化的，但分析和计算结果表明，聚集的可变性越大，病原体就越容易在种群中持续存在。
英文摘要：
Tick-Borne diseases can be transmitted via non-systemic (NS) transmission. This occurs when tick gets the infection by co-feeding with infected ticks on the same host resulting in a direct pathogen transmission between the vectors, without infecting the host. This transmission is peculiar, as it does not require any systemic infection of the host. The NS transmission is the main efficient transmission for the persistence of the Tick-Borne Encephalitis virus in nature. By describing the heterogeneous ticks aggregation on hosts through a \hyphenation{dynamical} bipartite graphs representation, we are able to mathematically define the NS transmission and to depict the epidemiological conditions for the pathogen persistence. Despite the fact that the underlying network is largely fragmented, analytical and computational results show that the larger is the variability of the aggregation, and the easier is for the pathogen to persist in the population.
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