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arXiv 1603.00545astro-ph.HE
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NANOGrav九年数据集:二进制毫秒脉冲星的质量和几何测量

The NANOGrav Nine-year Data Set: Mass and Geometric Measurements of Binary Millisecond Pulsars

Emmanuel Fonseca, Timothy T. Pennucci, Justin A. Ellis, Ingrid H. Stairs, David J. Nice, Scott M. Ransom, Paul B. Demorest, Zaven Arzoumanian, Kathryn Crowter, … 展开作者

Emmanuel Fonseca, Timothy T. Pennucci, Justin A. Ellis, Ingrid H. Stairs, David J. Nice, Scott M. Ransom, Paul B. Demorest, Zaven Arzoumanian, Kathryn Crowter, Timothy Dolch, Robert D. Ferdman, Marjorie E. Gonzalez, Glenn Jones, Megan L. Jones, Michael T. Lam, Lina Levin, Maura A. McLaughlin, Kevin Stovall, Joseph K. Swiggum, Weiwei Zhu

摘要:

我们分析了北美纳赫观测站的24颗射电双星的九年引力波观测数据。我们对Shapiro延迟进行了14次重要的测量,包括在4个脉冲星双星系统(PSR J 0613 $-$ 0200,J2017+0603,J2302+4442和J2317+1439)中的新探测,并推导出这些MSP双星系统的双星分量质量和轨道倾角的估计。我们发现了一个范围很广的脉冲星双星质量,PSR J1918 $-$ 0642的质量低至$m_{\rm p} = 1.18^{+0.10}_{-0.09}\text{M}_{\odot}$,PSR J1614 $-$ 2230的质量高至$m_{\rm p} = 1.928^{+0.017}_{-0.017}\text{M}_{\odot}$(可信度均为68.3%)。本文对PSR J1918 $-$ 0 6 4 2和J2 0 4 3 +1711系统的Shapiro时间延迟进行了改进测量,首次测得后者的脉冲星质量为$m_{\rm p} = 1.41^{+0.21}_{-0.18}\text{M}_{\odot}$(可信度为68.3%)。我们在许多系统中测量一个或多个轨道要素的长期变化,并尽可能使用这些测量来进一步限制我们对脉冲星和伴星质量的估计。特别地,我们利用观测到的PSR J1903+0327系统中由于相对论引力引起的Shapiro延迟和近星点推进,推导出脉冲星质量为$m_{\rm p} = 1.65^{+0.02}_{-0.02}\text{M}_{\odot}$(可信度为68.3\%)。我们讨论的影响,我们的质量测量的整体中子星的质量分布,并在“质量/轨道周期”的相关性,由于扩展的质量转移。

英文摘要:

We analyze 24 binary radio pulsars in the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) nine-year data set. We make fourteen significant measurements of Shapiro delay, including new detections in four pulsar-binary systems (PSRs J0613$-$0200, J2017+0603, J2302+4442, and J2317+1439), and derive estimates of the binary-component masses and orbital inclination for these MSP-binary systems. We find a wide range of binary pulsar masses, with values as low as $m_{\rm p} = 1.18^{+0.10}_{-0.09}\text{M}_{\odot}$ for PSR J1918$-$0642 and as high as $m_{\rm p} = 1.928^{+0.017}_{-0.017}\text{M}_{\odot}$ for PSR J1614$-$2230 (both 68.3\% credibility). We make an improved measurement of the Shapiro timing delay in the PSR J1918$-$0642 and J2043+1711 systems, measuring the pulsar mass in the latter system to be $m_{\rm p} = 1.41^{+0.21}_{-0.18}\text{M}_{\odot}$ (68.3\% credibility) for the first time. We measure secular variations of one or more orbital elements in many systems, and use these measurements to further constrain our estimates of the pulsar and companion masses whenever possible. In particular, we used the observed Shapiro delay and periastron advance due to relativistic gravity in the PSR J1903+0327 system to derive a pulsar mass of $m_{\rm p} = 1.65^{+0.02}_{-0.02}\text{M}_{\odot}$ (68.3\% credibility). We discuss the implications that our mass measurements have on the overall neutron-star mass distribution, and on the "mass/orbital-period" correlation due to extended mass transfer.

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