碰撞等离子体玻姆判据的精确形式
The exact form of the Bohm criterion for a collisional plasma
摘要：
一个长期存在的争论在文献中的动力学形式的玻姆标准解决了单正离子物种的等离子体时，运输是由电荷交换碰撞为主。离子的玻尔兹曼方程的解给出了没有任何发散的精确形式，并包含了一个不包括在经典结果中的附加项。这个术语包括碰撞和几何效应，并导致明显的校正。此外，这个问题是解决的空间电荷参数底部的玻姆标准实际上可以导致一个有意义的定义之间的过渡点散装和鞘。分析支持的数值模型和实验，整个显示出良好的协议。作为一种新颖的诊断，理论结果允许从离子速度分布函数（IVDF），在壁处测量，IVDF和电场在等离子体中的任何点的重建。该特性还用于非侵入性地重建离子密度、流速、平均能量和有效温度以及作为空间坐标和电势的函数的电子密度和温度。最后，验证了离子动量平衡的流体方程。
英文摘要：
A long-standing debate in the literature about the kinetic form of the Bohm criterion is resolved for plasmas with single positive ion species when transport is dominated by charge exchange collisions. The solution of the Boltzmann equation for the ions gives the exact form free of any divergence and contains an additional term that is not included in the classical result. This term includes collisional and geometric effects and leads to a noticeable correction. Further, the question is addressed whether the space charge argument at the bottom of the Bohm criterion can actually lead to a meaningful definition of the transition point between bulk and sheath. The analysis is supported by a numerical model and experiments, showing excellent agreement throughout. As a novelty in diagnostics, the theoretical results allow from the ion velocity distribution function (IVDF), measured at the wall, a reconstruction of the IVDF and the electric field at any point in the plasma. This property is used to reconstruct non-intrusively also the ion density, flow velocity, mean energy and effective temperature and the electron density and temperature as functions of the spatial coordinate and potential. Finally, the fluid equation for ion momentum balance is verified.
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