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arXiv 1602.06277astro-ph.COastro-ph.IM
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再电离阵列碟II的氢时代:电磁模拟表征光谱结构及其科学意义

The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array Dish II: Characterization of Spectral Structure with Electromagnetic Simulations and its science Implications

Aaron Ewall-Wice, Richard Bradley, David DeBoer, Jacqueline Hewitt, Aaron Parsons, James Aguierre, Zaki S. Ali, Judd Bowman, Carina Cheng, Abraham R. Neben, Nip… 展开作者

Aaron Ewall-Wice, Richard Bradley, David DeBoer, Jacqueline Hewitt, Aaron Parsons, James Aguierre, Zaki S. Ali, Judd Bowman, Carina Cheng, Abraham R. Neben, Nipanjana Patra, Nithyanandan Thyagarajan, Mariet Venter, Eloy de Lera Acedo, Joshua S. Dillon, Roger Dickenson, Phillip Doolittle, Dennis Egan, Mike Hedrick, Patricia Klima, Saul Kohn, Patrick Schaffner, John Shelton, Benjamin Saliwanchik, H. A. Taylor, Rusty Taylor, Max Tegmark, Butch Wirt

摘要:

我们使用时域电磁模拟来确定氢时代再电离阵列(HERA)天线的频谱特性。这些模拟是一个多方面的运动的一部分,以确定盘的设计的有效性,以获得从再电离时代的红移21厘米发射的检测。我们的模拟表明,HERA的悬浮饲料和抛物面反射器之间的反射的存在,在150 ns时下降到-40 dB以下,对于合理的阻抗匹配,HERA的能力,限制EoR参数的影响可以忽略不计。因此,尽管它们引入了反射,但盘对于以相对较低的成本增加EoR实验的灵敏度是有效的。我们发现,在HERA饲料的圆柱形裙,这是为了减少交叉耦合和光束椭圆度的电磁谐振,在大延迟($-40$ dB在200 ns),这可能会导致一些损失的可测量的傅立叶模式和灵敏度适度降低引入显着的功率。即使在这种结构的存在下,我们发现,天线的频谱响应是足够平滑的延迟滤波,以包含前景发射在视线波数低于$k_\parallel \lesssim 0.2$ $h$ Mpc $^{-1}$,在该地区,目前的纸实验操作。将这些结果转化为Fisher矩阵分析,我们发现在我们的模拟中观察到的光谱结构对HERA可以实现的与再电离天体物理学相关的参数的严格约束只有很小的影响。

英文摘要:

We use time-domain electromagnetic simulations to determine the spectral characteristics of the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Arrays (HERA) antenna. These simulations are part of a multi-faceted campaign to determine the effectiveness of the dish's design for obtaining a detection of redshifted 21 cm emission from the epoch of reionization. Our simulations show the existence of reflections between HERA's suspended feed and its parabolic dish reflector that fall below -40 dB at 150 ns and, for reasonable impedance matches, have a negligible impact on HERA's ability to constrain EoR parameters. It follows that despite the reflections they introduce, dishes are effective for increasing the sensitivity of EoR experiments at relatively low cost. We find that electromagnetic resonances in the HERA feed's cylindrical skirt, which is intended to reduce cross coupling and beam ellipticity, introduces significant power at large delays ($-40$ dB at 200 ns) which can lead to some loss of measurable Fourier modes and a modest reduction in sensitivity. Even in the presence of this structure, we find that the spectral response of the antenna is sufficiently smooth for delay filtering to contain foreground emission at line-of-sight wave numbers below $k_\parallel \lesssim 0.2$ $h$Mpc$^{-1}$, in the region where the current PAPER experiment operates. Incorporating these results into a Fisher Matrix analysis, we find that the spectral structure observed in our simulations has only a small effect on the tight constraints HERA can achieve on parameters associated with the astrophysics of reionization.

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