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arXiv 1602.04051physics.space-phastro-ph.SRphysics.plasm-ph
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超热电子对空间等离子体质子温度各向异性的影响:电磁离子回旋不稳定性

Effects of suprathermal electrons on the proton temperature anisotropy in space plasmas: Electromagnetic ion-cyclotron instability

S. M. Shaaban, M. Lazar, S. Poedts, A. Elhanbaly

摘要:

例如,在来自太空的缺乏碰撞的等离子体中,在太阳风和行星磁层中,等离子体粒子的动力学各向异性预计将受到动力学不稳定性的调节。在垂直于磁场$(~T_\perp >T_\parallel)$方向的离子(质子)温度的驱动下,电磁离子回旋(EMIC)不稳定性足够快,可以抑制质子的各向异性,但观测结果与双麦克斯韦等离子体粒子模型的标准理论所预言的不稳定性阈值不符。本文提出了一个扩展的调查EMIC不稳定性的存在下,超热电子是无处不在的,在这些环境中。该分析是基于动力学(弗拉索夫-麦克斯韦)理论,假设这两个物种,质子和电子,可能是各向异性的,和EMIC不稳定的解决方案的数值推导提供一个准确的描述通常遇到的条件下,在空间等离子体。超热布居的效应是由电子的各向异性和电子与质子之间的温度差触发的。在一定条件下,各向异性阈值超过了在太阳风中测得的质子各向异性的极限,大大抑制了EMIC模的不稳定区域。

英文摘要:

In collision-poor plasmas from space, e.g., the solar wind and planetary magnetospheres, the kinetic anisotropy of the plasma particles is expected to be regulated by the kinetic instabilities. Driven by an excess of ion (proton) temperature perpendicular to the magnetic field $(~T_\perp >T_\parallel)$, the electromagnetic ion-cyclotron (EMIC) instability is fast enough to constrain the proton anisotropy, but the observations do not conform to the instability thresholds predicted by the standard theory for bi-Maxwellian models of the plasma particles. This paper presents an extended investigation of the EMIC instability in the presence of suprathermal electrons which are ubiquitous in these environments. The analysis is based on the kinetic (Vlasov-Maxwell) theory assuming that both species, protons and electrons, may be anisotropic, and the EMIC unstable solutions are derived numerically providing an accurate description for conditions typically encountered in space plasmas. The effects of suprathermal populations are triggered by the electron anisotropy and the temperature contrast between electrons and protons. For certain conditions the anisotropy thresholds exceed the limits of the proton anisotropy measured in the solar wind considerably restraining the unstable regimes of the EMIC modes.

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