A scalable readout system (SRS) is designed to provide a general solution for different micro-pattern gas detectors. The system mainly consists of three kinds of modules: the ASIC card, the Adapter card and the Front-End Card (FEC). The ASIC cards, mounted with particular ASIC chips, are designed for receiving detector signals. The Adapter card is in charge of digitizing the output signals from several ASIC cards. The FEC, edged-mounted with the Adapter, has a FPGA-based reconfigurable logic and I/O interfaces, allowing users to choose various ASIC cards and Adapters for different types of detectors. The FEC transfers data through Gigabit Ethernet protocol realized by a TCP processor (SiTCP) IP core in field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA). The readout system can be tailored to specific sizes to adapt to the experiment scales and readout requirements. In this paper, two kinds of multi-channel ASIC chips, VA140 and AGET, are applied to verify the concept of this SRS architecture. Based on this VA140 or AGET SRS, one FEC covers 8 ASIC (VA140) cards handling 512 detector channels, or 4 ASIC (AGET) cards handling 256 detector channels. More FECs can be assembled in chassis to handle thousands of detector channels.
This paper presents a readout system designed for testing the prototype of Small-Strip Thin Gap Chamber (sTGC), which is one of the main detector technologies used for ATLAS New-Small-Wheel Upgrade. This readout system aims at testing one full-size sTGC quadruplet with cosmic muon triggers.
The use of a TPC in future collider experiments needs significant research and development. Within the EUDET program an infrastructure has been designed and built to allow the efficient testing of TPC prototypes under realistic conditions. The infrastructure consists of a test beam facility, located at DESY Hamburg, and a multi-purpose TPC field cage.
The same charge sensitive preamplifier and discriminator circuit with different isolation strategies has been tested to compare the isolation of both analog and digital circuits from the substrate of a 65nm bulk CMOS process to the isolation of only digital circuits, tying analog ground locally to the substrate. This study will show that the circuit with analog on the substrate and digital in deep N-well has better noise isolation between analog and digital.
The ATLAS Collaboration will upgrade its semiconductor pixel tracking detector with a new Insertable B-layer (IBL) between the existing pixel detector and the vacuum pipe of the Large Hadron Collider. The extreme operating conditions at this location have necessitated the development of new radiation hard pixel sensor technologies and a new front-end readout chip, called the FE-I4. Planar pixel sensors and 3D pixel sensors have been investigated to equip this new pixel layer, and prototype modules using the FE-I4A have been fabricated and characterized using 120 GeV pions at the CERN SPS and 4…
One of candidates for the International Linear Collider(ILC)'s vertex detector is the Fine Pixel CCD (FPCCD) with a pixel size of 5 \times 5 (\mum^2). Sensor and readout systems are currently being studied and prototypes have been developed. In this paper we will report on the performance of latest developed readout ASIC prototype as well as the outline of the design strategy for the next ASIC prototype.
Systematic investigations including both simulation and prototype tests have been done about the interpolating resistive readout structure with GEM (Gaseous Electron Multiplier) detector. From the simulation, we have a good knowledge of the process of charges diffusion on the surface of the readout plane and develop several reconstruction methods to determine the hit position. The total signal duration time of a typical event with the readout structure is about several hundred nanoseconds, which implied an ideal count rate up to 106Hz. A stable worked prototype was designed and fabricated afte…
The KM2A(one kilometer square extensive air shower array) is the largest detector array in the LHAA- SO(Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory) project. The KM2A consists of 5635 EDs(Electromagnetic particle Detectors) and 1221 MDs(Muon Detectors). The EDs are distributed and exposed in the wild. Two channels, Anode and Dynode, are employed for the PMT(photomultiplier tube) signal readout. The readout electronics proposed in this paper aims at the accurate charge and arrival time measurement of the PMT signals, which cover a large amplitude range from 20P.E(photoelectrons) to 2x10^5 P.E. B…
The water Cherenkov detector array (WCDA) is one of the key detectors in the large high altitude air shower observatory (LHAASO), which is proposed for very high gamma ray source survey. In WCDA, there are more than 3000 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) scattered under water in an area of 80000 m2. As for the WCDA readout electronics, both high precision time and charge measurement is required over a large dynamic range from 1 photon electron (P.E.) to 4000 P.E. To reduce the electronics complexity and improve the system reliability, a readout scheme based on application specific integrated circui…
The design of a radiation-hard dual channel 12-bit 40 MS/s pipeline ADC with extended dynamic range is presented, for use in the readout electronics upgrade for the ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeters at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The design consists of two pipeline A/D channels with four Multiplying Digital-to-Analog Converters with nominal 12-bit resolution each. The design, fabricated in the IBM 130 nm CMOS process, shows a performance of 68 dB SNDR at 18 MHz for a single channel at 40 MS/s while consuming 55 mW/channel from a 2.5 V supply, and exhibits no performance degradation after irr…
We have assembled a small-scale streaming data acquisition system based on the SAMPA front-end ASIC. We report on measurements performed on the SAMPA chip and preliminary cosmic ray data acquired from a Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detector read out using the SAMPA.
The next generation experiment in high energy particle physics will be International Linear Collider of electron and positron at the TeV scale. The experiment is aim to search the Higgs particle and to measure its properties. The physics program required the detector with high performance. One of the central detector is a Electromagnetic calorimeter, is going to measure the energy and position of high energy photons. Fine granularity and compactness brings to utilize the Si-W sampling detector. Due to high granularity the electromagnetic calorimeter will comprise of the order of $10^8$ readout…
The status of the prototype readout boards for the CALICE electromagnetic calorimeter is presented. Results on linearity, noise, and minimum ionising signals, both from a radiactive source and cosmic rays, are shown.
The CDEX (China Dark matter Experiment) is currently in the stage to upgrade to approximately 10 kg HPGe (High Purity Germanium) detectors (CDEX-10) in CJPL (China Jinping Underground Laboratory) and aims to detect the WIMP (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles). Six analog signals and one inhibited signal are outputted from preamplifier by one HPGe detector (~1 kg) of CDEX-10. The analog signals are conditioned with two 6-us and one 12-us shaping amplifiers, and three timing amplifiers respectively. The inhibited signal is used for trigger. The analog signals from shaping and timing amplifier…
The ALICE Collaboration is planning a major upgrade of its central barrel detectors to be able to cope with the increased LHC luminosity beyond 2020. For the TPC, this implies a replacement of the currently used gated MWPCs (Multi-Wire Proportional Chamber) by GEM (Gas Electron Multiplier) based readout chambers. In order to prove, that the present particle identification capabilities via measurement of the specific energy loss are retained after the upgrade, a prototype of the ALICE IROC (Inner Readout Chamber) has been evaluated in a test beam campaign at the CERN PS. The d$E$/d$x$ resolutio…
CEPC (Circular Electron and Positron Collider) is a large experiment facility proposed by Chinese particle physics community. One of its running option is being the Higgs factory. Calorimeter is the main part of this experiment to measure the jet energy. Semi-digital hadron calorimeter (SDHCAL) is one of the options for the hadron measurement. GEM detector with its high position resolution and flexible configuration is one of the candidates for the active layer of the SDHCAL. The main purpose of this paper is to provide a feasible readout method for the GEM-based semi-digital hadron calorimete…
We present measurements with a GEM based TPC prototypes and the TimePix CMOS ASIC as charge collecting anode. Tests with a small prototype were performed in a 5 GeV electron beam at DESY. Different GEM orientations and geometries were tested. It is shown that the point resolution for short drift distances is better than 20 micrometer. The achieved time resolution is better than 10 ns at 100 MHz clock frequency. Furthermore, experimental studies with an enlarged pixel size are addressed. To study the performance for longer drift distances a chamber with 26 cm drift length is operated in Bonn. U…
A combination Time Projection Chamber-Cherenkov prototype detector has been developed as part of the Detector R&D Program for a future Electron Ion Collider. The prototype was tested at the Fermilab test beam facility to provide a proof of principle to demonstrate that the detector is able to measure particle tracks and provide particle identification information within a common detector volume. The TPC portion consists of a 10x10x10cm3 field cage, which delivers charge from tracks to a 10x10cm2 quadruple GEM readout. Tracks are reconstructed by interpolating the hit position of clusters on an…
A new prototype wireless data acquisition system has been developed with the intended application to read-out instrumentation systems having a large number of channels. In addition such system could be deployed in smaller detectors requiring increased mobility. The data acquisition and control system is based on 802.11n compliant hardware and protocols. In this paper we describe our case study with a single readout channel performed for a potential large detector containing photomultiplier tubes. The front-end circuitry, including a high-voltage power supply is powered wirelessly thus creating…
Integration and characterization of Readout Electronics System for dN/dx Measurement with Drift Chamber Prototype
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院高能物理研究所）；Spallation Neutron Source Science Center（散裂中子源科学中心）；University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）
Beam test, simulation, and performance evaluation of PbF$_2$ and PWO-UF crystals with SiPM readout for a semi-homogeneous calorimeter prototype with longitudinal segmentation
We describe the details of a silicon-tungsten prototype electromagnetic calorimeter module and associated readout electronics. Detector performance for this prototype has been measured in test beam experiments at the CERN PS and SPS accelerator facilities in 2015/16. The results are compared to those in Monte Carlo Geant4 simulations. This is the first real-world demonstration of the performance of a custom ASIC designed for fast, lower-power, high-granularity applications.
In this paper, the design and the performance of a prototype detector based on MicroMegas technology with two detection planes in a common gas volume is discussed. The detector is suited for the forward region of LHC detectors, addressing the high-rate environment and limited available space. Each detection plane has an active area of 9x9 cm^2 with a two-dimensional strip readout and is separated by a common gas region with a height of 14 mm. A micro-mesh, working as a cathode, is placed in the middle of the common gas volume separating it into two individual cells. This setup allows for an an…
In the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO), the Water Cherenkov Detector Array (WCDA) is one of the key parts. The WCDA consists of 3600 Photomultiplier Tubes (PMTs) scattered in a 90000 m2 area, and both high precision time and charge measurements are required over a large dynamic range from 1 to 4000 Photo Electrons (P.E.). To achieve time measurement precision better than 500 ps RMS, high quality clock distribution and automatic phase compensation are needed among the 400 Front End Electronics (FEE) modules. To simplify the readout electronics architecture, clock, data, and …
The SDHCAL technological prototype is a $1 \times 1 \times 1.3$~m$^3$ high-granularity Semi-Digital Hadronic CALorimeter using Glass Resistive Plate Chambers as sensitive medium. It is one of the two HCAL options considered by the ILD Collaboration to be proposed for the detector of the future International Linear Collider project. The prototype is made of up to 50 GRPC detectors of 1~m$^2$ size and 3~mm thickness each with an embedded semi-digital electronics readout that is autotriggering and power-pulsed. The GRPC readout is finely segmented into pads of 1~cm$^2$. This proceeding describes …
AXEL is a high pressure xenon gas TPC detector being developed for neutrinoless double-beta decay search. We use the proportional scintillation mode with a new electroluminescence light detection system to achieve high energy resolution in a large detector. The detector also has tracking capabilities, which enable significant background rejection. To demonstrate our detection technique, we constructed a 10L prototype detector filled with up to 10bar xenon gas. The FWHM energy resolution obtained by the prototype detector is 4.0 $\pm$ 0.30 $\%$ at 122 keV, which corresponds to 0.9 ~ 2.0 % when …
Prototypes of MICROMEGAS chambers, using bulk technology and analog readout, with 1x1cm2 readout segmentation have been built and tested. Measurements in Ar/iC4H10 (95/5) and Ar/CO2 (80/20) are reported. The dependency of the prototypes gas gain versus pressure, gas temperature and amplification gap thickness variations has been measured with an 55Fe source and a method for temperature and pressure correction of data is presented. A stack of four chambers has been tested in 200GeV/c and 7GeV/c muon and pion beams respectively. Measurements of response uniformity, detection efficiency and hit m…
The LHC is undergoing a high luminosity upgrade, which is set to increase the instantaneous luminosity by at least a factor of five, resulting in a higher muon flux rate in the forward region, which will overwhelm the current trigger system of the CMS experiment. The ME0, a gas electron multiplier detector, is proposed for the Phase-2 Muon System Upgrade to help increase the muon acceptance and to control the Level 1 muon trigger rate. To lower the probability of HV discharges, the ME0 was designed with GEM foils that are segmented on both sides. Initial testing of the ME0 showed substantial c…
A prototype detector for Compton camera imaging is under development. A monolithic array of 19 channel Silicon drift detector with on-chip electronics is going to be used as a scatter detector for the prototype system. Custom designed analog and digital readout electronics for this detector was first tested by using a single cell Silicon drift detector. This paper describes the readout architecture and presents the results of the measurement.
The CALICE Collaboration is conducting R\&D for highly granular calorimeters with an emphasis on detectors for Linear Colliders. This contribution briefly summarises recent tests of large scale technological prototypes of a silicon tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter and hadron calorimeters featuring either a gaseous medium or scintillator with a SiPM readout as active material.
In this paper, the design and the performance of two prototype detectors based on Micromegas technology with a pad readout geometry is discussed. In addition, two alternative implementations of a spark-resistent protection layer on top of the readout pads have been tested to optimize the charge-up behavior of the detector under high rates. The prototype detectors consist of 500 pads with a size of 5x4 mm, each connected to one independent readout channel, and cover an active area of 10x10 cm. The design of these prototypes and its associated readout infrastructure was developed in such a way t…
The SoLid collaboration have developed an intelligent readout system to reduce their 3200 silicon photomultiplier detector's data rate by a factor of 10000 whilst maintaining high efficiency for storing data from anti-neutrino interactions. The system employs an FPGA-level waveform characterisation to trigger on neutron signals. Following a trigger, data from a space time region of interest around the neutron will be read out using the IPbus protocol. In these proceedings the design of the readout system is explained and results showing the performance of a prototype version of the system are …
The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory is in the R&D phase, in which the Water Cherenkov Detector Array is an important part. The signals of Photo-Multiplier Tubes would vary from single photo electron to 4000 photo electrons, and both high precision charge and time measurement is required. To simplify the signal processing chain, the charge-to-time conversion method is employed. A prototype of the front-end readout ASIC is designed and fabricated in Chartered 0.35 μm CMOS technology, which integrates time disctrimination and converts the input charge information to pulse widths. With …
Cosmic ray muon has strong penetrating power and no ionizing radiation hazards, which makes it an ideal probe for detecting special nuclear materials. In this paper, a high spatial resolution muon tomography system based on Micromegas detectors is proposed to optimize the imaging time and quality. The proposed system includes eight Micromegas detectors based on the thermal bonding technique and a scalable readout system. In addition, a multiplexing method based on position encoding is developed to reduce the number of electronics channels by order of magnitude. The spatial resolution of the pr…
This note describes a prototype particle tracking detector constructed with 1 mm plastic scintillating fibres with a 64 channel Hamamatsu H8500 flat-panel multi-anode photomultiplier readout. Cosmic ray tracks from an array of 11 gas-filled drift tubes were matched to signals in the scintillating fibres in order to measure the resolution and efficiency of tracks reconstructed in the fibre-based tracker. A GEANT4 detector simulation was also developed to compare cosmic ray data with MC results and is discussed in the note. Using the parameters measured in this experimental setup, modified fibre…
We present the characterization of a readout Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) for the CMS Endcap Timing Layer (ETL) of the High-Luminosity LHC upgrade with charge injection. The ASIC, named ETROC and developed in a 65 nm CMOS technology, reads out a 16x16 pixel matrix of the Low-Gain Avalanche Detector (LGAD). The jitter contribution from ETROC is required to be below 40 ps to achieve the 50 ps overall time resolution per hit. The analog readout circuits in ETROC consist of the preamplifier and the discriminator. The preamplifier handles the LGAD charge signal with the most proba…
The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) is designed for high energy gamma ray and cosmic ray detection. A Water Cherenkov Detector Array which is sensitive to gamma ray showers above a few hundred GeV is proposed to survey gamma ray sources. The WCDA consists of 3600 PhotoMultiplier Tubes (PMT) which collect the Cherenkov light produced by the shower particles in water. Both high precision time and charge measurement are required over a large dynamic range from 1 photo electron (P.E.) to 4000 P.E. Prototype of an analogue front-end Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC)…
Measurements of proton-nucleus scattering and high resolution neutrino-nucleus interaction imaging are key to reduce neutrino oscillation systematic uncertainties in future experiments. A High Pressure Time Projection Chamber (HPTPC) prototype has been constructed and operated at Royal Holloway University of London and CERN as a first step in the development of a HPTPC capable of performing these measurements as part of a future long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment such as the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment. In this paper we describe the design and operation of the prototype HPT…
The readout electronics upgrade for the ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeters at the CERN Large Hadron Collider requires a radiation-hard ADC. The design of a radiation-hard dual-channel 12-bit 40 MS/s pipeline ADC for this use is presented. The design consists of two pipeline A/D channels each with four Multiplying Digital-to-Analog Converters followed by 8-bit Successive-Approximation-Register analog-to-digital converters. The custom design, fabricated in a commercial 130 nm CMOS process, shows a performance of 67.9 dB SNDR at 10 MHz for a single channel at 40 MS/s, with a latency of 87.5 ns (to f…
We are developing a new readout board with a newer generation field-programmable gate array (FPGA) and the 10-gigabit ethernet to improve the performance and usability of the current readout board based on the 1-gigabit Ethernet. In this new readout board, the SiTCP-XG network processor supporting 10-gigabit Ethernet was implemented. SiTCP is a network processor circuit running on FPGA, and SiTCP-XG is the newly developed version of the SiTCP that supports 10-gigabit Ethernet. Before developing the new board, we constructed a prototype system using the Xilinx FPGA evaluation board KC705 to eva…
A prototype detector is being developed which combines the functions of a Time Projection Chamber for charged particle tracking and a Cherenkov detector for particle identification. The TPC consists of a 10x10x10 cm3 drift volume where the charge is drifted to a 10x10 cm2 triple GEM detector. The charge is measured on a readout plane consisting of 2x10 mm2 chevron pads which provide a spatial resolution ~ 100 microns per point in the chevron direction along with dE/dx information. The Cherenkov portion of the detector consists of a second 10x10 cm2 triple GEM with a photosensitive CsI photocat…
The Group for the development of neutron and gamma detectors in the Central Institute of Engineering, Electronics and Analytics (ZEA-2) at Forschungszentrum Jülich (FZJ) is developing a fast Anger Camera prototype for improving the rejection of the gamma contamination during the detection of neutrons. The prototype is based on a scintillating plate for neutron capture and on the subsequent generation of scintillating light collected by a matrix of 4x4 vacuum Photomultipliers R268 by Hamamatsu. According to the impinging point position of the incoming neutrons the light is collected by differen…
The DHCAL, the Digital Hadron Calorimeter, is a prototype calorimeter based on Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs). The design emphasizes the imaging capabilities of the detector in an effort to optimize the calorimeter for the application of Particle Flow Algorithms (PFAs) to the reconstruction of hadronic jet energies in a colliding beam environment. The readout of the chambers is segmented into 1 x 1 cm2 pads, each read out with a 1-bit (single threshold) resolution. The prototype with approximately 500,000 readout channels underwent extensive testing in both the Fermilab and CERN test beams. T…
A prototype of a new type of calorimeter has been designed and constructed, based on a silicon-tungsten sampling design using pixel sensors with digital readout. It makes use of the Alpide MAPS sensor developed for the ALICE ITS upgrade. A binary readout is possible due to the pixel size of $\approx 30 \times 30 \, μ\mathrm{m}^2$. This prototype has been successfully tested with cosmic muons and with test beams at DESY and the CERN SPS. We report on performance results obtained at DESY, showing good energy resolution and linearity, and compare to detailed MC simulations. Also shown are prelimi…
We fabricated a readout ASIC with the fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (FD-SOI) technology for the pair-monitor. The pair-monitor is a silicon pixel device that measures the beam profile of the international linear collider. It utilizes the directional distribution of a large number of electron-positron pairs created by collision of bunches, and is required to tolerate radiation dose of about a few Mrad/year. The irradiation might cause the buried oxide layer of SOI to accumulate charges which interfere with intended functions. We thus performed extensive irradiation tests on the prototype …
The Particle And Astrophysical Xenon Experiment III (PandaX-III) is an experiment to search for the Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay (NLDBD) using 200 kg radio-pure high-pressure gaseous xenon TPC with Micromegas detectors at both ends and cathode in the middle. A small-scale TPC equipped with 7 Microbulk Micromegas detectors is developed as the prototype detector. 128 channels are readout following an X-Y design with strips of 3 mm pitch (64 channels each direction) from one Micromegas module. Highly integrated front-end electronics composed of 4 front-end cards with 1024 readout channels is de…
An eight chip InGrid module has been tested as readout of a prototype time projection chamber. The construction of the modules as well as first preliminary results are presented. The InGrids, a Micromegas like amplification structure with a pixel ASIC, have been produced on wafer-level in a photolithographic process. For the measurements a newly developed readout system based on the Scalable Readout System was used.
This paper reports on the sensor R&D activity for the CMS pixel detector. Devices featuring several design and technology options have been irradiated up to a proton fluencec of 1E15 n_eq/cm**2 at the CERN PS. Afterward they were bump bonded to unirradiated readout chips and tested using high energy pions in the H2 beam line of the CERN SPS. The readout chip allows a non zero suppressed full analogue readout and therefore a good characterization of the sensors in terms of noise and charge collection properties. The position dependence of signal is presented and the differences between the two …
In the context of the Silicon tracking for a Linear Collider (SiLC) R&D collaboration, a highly compact mixed-signal chip has been designed in 130nm CMOS technology intended to read Silicon strip detectors for the experiments at the future International Linear Collider. The chip includes eighty eight channels of a full analog signal processing chain and analog to digital conversion with the corresponding digital controls and readout channels. The chip is 5x10mm2 where the analog implementation represents 4/5 of the total Silicon area.
A large dynamic range is required by the Plastic Scintillator Detector (PSD) of DArk Matter Paricle Explorer (DAMPE), and a double-dynode readout has been developed. To verify this design, a prototype detector module has been constructed and tested with cosmic rays and heavy ion beams. The results match with the estimation and the readout unit could easily cover the required dynamic range.
BaF2 (Barium fluoride) detector is one of the experiment facilities at the under construction CSNS-WNS (White Neutron Source at China Spallation Neutron Source). It is designed for precisely measuring (n,gamma) cross section with total 92 crystal elements and completely 4 pi steradian coverage. In this proposal for readout electronics, waveform digitizing technique with 1GSps sampling rate and 12-bit resolution is adopted to precisely capture the detector signal. To solve the problem of massive data readout and processing, the readout electronics system is designed into a distributed architect…
We report on progress in the development of the LSTFE2 prototype front-end ASIC geared towards the readout of silicon microstrip sensors in a Linear Collider detector. We also discuss progress in the design of the back-end digital architecture for this readout scheme.
Pixel sensors based on commercial high-voltage CMOS processes are an exciting technology that is considered as an option for the outer layer of the ATLAS inner tracker upgrade at the High Luminosity LHC. Here, charged particles are detected using deep n-wells as sensor diodes with the depleted region extending into the silicon bulk. Both analog and digital readout electronics can be added to achieve different levels of integration up to a fully monolithic sensor. Small scale prototypes using the ams CMOS technology have previously demonstrated that it can achieve the required radiation toleran…
We present the design and performance of a prototype ASIC digitizer for integrated wire chamber readout, implemented in 65 nm commercial CMOS technology. Each channel of the 4-channel prototype is composed of two 16-bit Time-to-Digital Converters (TDCs), one 8-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC), a front-end preamplifier and shaper, plus digital and analog buffers that support a variety of digitization chains. The prototype has a multiplexed digital backend that executes a state machine, distributes control and timing signals, and buffers data for serial output. Laboratory bench tests measur…
Calorimetry at future linear colliders could be based on a particle flow approach where granularity is the key to high jet energy resolution. Among different technologies, Micromegas chambers with 1 cm2 pad segmentation are studied for the active medium of a hadronic calorimeter. A chamber of 1 m2 with 9216 channels read out by a low noise front-end ASIC called MICROROC has recently been constructed and tested. Chamber design, ASIC circuitry and preliminary test beam results are reported.
After the construction and successful operation of the first technological prototype of the Semi-Digital Hadronic CALorimeter (SDHCAL), developed within the CALICE collaboration, new R{\&}D efforts have been initiated to fully validate the SDHCAL option for future experiments proposed for the ILC and CEPC colliders. The SDHCAL is a sampling hadronic calorimeter using large Glass Resistive Plate Chamber (GRPC) as active medium with embedded readout electronics. The GRPC prototype size is 1~m$^2$ while future detectors require GRPC detectors with scalable length up to 3~m long (0.9$\times$3~m$^2…
The instantaneous luminosity of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN will be increased up to a factor of five with respect to the present design value by undergoing an extensive upgrade program over the coming decade. The most important upgrade project for the ATLAS Muon System is the replacement of the present first station in the forward regions with the so-called New Small Wheels (NSWs). The NSWs will be installed during the LHC long shutdown in 2018/19. Small-Strip Thin Gap Chamber (sTGC) detectors are designed to provide fast trigger and high precision muon tracking under the high luminosity…
