VIP 2：电子的泡利不相容原理的实验检验
VIP 2: Experimental tests of the Pauli Exclusion Principle for electrons
摘要：
泡利不相容原理（PEP）是奥地利物理学家沃尔夫冈·泡利在1925年发现的。从那时起，它经历了几次实验测试。从2006年开始，VIP（违反泡利原理）实验在铜中寻找2 p到1 s的X射线跃迁，在跃迁发生之前，1 s状态中存在2个电子。这些跃迁违反了PEP，并且没有检测到相应的X射线光子导致违反PEP的初步上限为4.7 * 10^（-29）。后续实验VIP 2目前处于测试阶段，将于2015年秋季运往其最终目的地--意大利格兰萨索地下实验室。与其前身相比的几项改进，如使用新的X射线探测器和主动屏蔽背景，产生了一个目标，即提高违反2个数量级的泡利不相容原理的概率上限。
英文摘要：
The Pauli Exclusion Principle (PEP) was famously discovered in 1925 by the austrian physicist Wolfgang Pauli. Since then, it underwent several experimental tests. Starting in 2006, the VIP (Violation of the Pauli Principle) experiment looked for 2p to 1s X-ray transitions in copper, where 2 electrons are present in the 1s state before the transition happens. These transitions violate the PEP, and the lack of detection of the corresponding X-ray photons lead to a preliminary upper limit for the violation of the PEP of 4.7 * 10^(-29). The follow-up experiment VIP 2 is currently in the testing phase and will be transported to its final destination, the underground laboratory of Gran Sasso in Italy, in autumn 2015. Several improvements compared to its predecessor like the use of new X-ray detectors and active shielding from background gives rise to a goal for the improvement of the upper limit of the probability for the violation of the Pauli Exclusion Principle of 2 orders of magnitude.
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