量子摩擦的光谱特征
Spectroscopic signatures of quantum friction
摘要：
我们提出了一个公式的光谱可访问的水平移动和衰减率的原子运动在一个任意角度相对于表面。我们的马尔可夫公式导致一个直观的分析描述，即从原子翻转运营商的运动的海森堡运动方程的系数，但复杂的多普勒频移（速度依赖）过渡频率的位移和速率。我们的结果最终表明，对于平行运动的极限情况下的位移和速率是平方或更高的原子速度。我们表明，一个更强的，线性速度依赖性表现出的速率和位移垂直运动，从而打开了实验探测马尔可夫方法的量子摩擦现象的前景。
英文摘要：
We present a formula for the spectroscopically accessible level shifts and decay rates of an atom moving at an arbitrary angle relative to a surface. Our Markov formulation leads to an intuitive analytic description whereby the shifts and rates are obtained from the coefficients of the Heisenberg equation of motion for the atomic flip operators but with complex Doppler-shifted (velocity-dependent) transition frequencies. Our results conclusively demonstrate that for the limiting case of parallel motion the shifts and rates are quadratic or higher in the atomic velocity. We show that a stronger, linear velocity dependence is exhibited by the rates and shifts for perpendicular motion, thus opening the prospect of experimentally probing the Markovian approach to the phenomenon of quantum friction.
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