Iax SN 2014 dt型超中红外辐射
An Excess of Mid-Infrared Emission from the Type Iax SN 2014dt
摘要：
Iax型超新星（SNe Iax）比典型的热核爆炸能量更低，亮度更低。一个建议的解释，观察到的特点，这个子类是一个二元祖系统组成的一个CO白矮星主要吸积从氦恒星的同伴。一个单一的简并爆炸通道可能会导致致密的星周介质（CSM），尽管还没有证据表明这种CSM在这个子类中被观察到。在这里，我们提出了最近的斯皮策观测的SN Iax 2014 dt的SPIRITS计划获得近一年后爆炸，揭示了一个强大的中红外超过预期的流量更正常的SNe Ia。这种过量与新形成的尘埃的1 E-5 M_solar相一致，这将是第一次观察到新形成的尘埃形成正常的Ia型。然而，过量也与可能在爆炸前质量损失中形成的尘埃CSM一致，从而表明单一的简并祖先系统。与其他表现出显著激波相互作用（SNe Ia-CSM）和相互作用的核心坍缩事件（SNe IIn）的Ia型超新星相比，SN 2014 dt中的尘埃壳质量较小。我们认为，这样一个预先存在的尘埃壳的祖系统，包括一个双星系统的质量捐助者，是一个红巨星，红超巨星，和一个渐近巨星分支的影响。
英文摘要：
Supernovae Type Iax (SNe Iax) are less energetic and less luminous than typical thermonuclear explosions. A suggested explanation for the observed characteristics of this subclass is a binary progenitor system consisting of a CO white dwarf primary accreting from a helium star companion. A single-degenerate explosion channel might be expected to result in a dense circumstellar medium (CSM), although no evidence for such a CSM has yet been observed for this subclass. Here we present recent Spitzer observations of the SN Iax 2014dt obtained by the SPIRITS program nearly one year post-explosion that reveal a strong mid-IR excess over the expected fluxes of more normal SNe Ia. This excess is consistent with 1E-5 M_solar of newly formed dust, which would be the first time that newly formed dust has been observed to form in a normal Type Ia. The excess, however, is also consistent with a dusty CSM that was likely formed in pre-explosion mass-loss, thereby suggesting a single degenerate progenitor system. Compared to other SNe Ia that show significant shock interaction (SNe Ia-CSM) and interacting core-collapse events (SNe IIn), this dust shell in SN 2014dt is less massive. We consider the implications that such a pre-existing dust shell has for the progenitor system, including a binary system with a mass donor that is a red giant, a red supergiant, and an asymptotic giant branch star.
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