2008年NGC 300中发光瞬变的Spitzer/IRS光谱：与原行星状星云的联系
A Spitzer/IRS Spectrum of the 2008 Luminous Transient in NGC 300: Connection to Proto-Planetary Nebulae
摘要：
我们提出了一个斯皮策/IRS低分辨率中红外光谱（5-14微米）的发光瞬态发现在附近的星系NGC 300在2008年5月。在发现三个月后获得的光谱显示，在中红外波段，瞬变非常明亮。此外，光谱显示出在银河系富碳原行星状星云中观察到的8微米和12微米处的强而宽的发射特征。结合这些数据与出版的光学和近红外测光在同一时期获得的，我们发现，中红外多余跟踪斯皮策光谱占总能量输出的20%。这一成分可以很好地解释为，在温度约为400 K时，约3 × 10 ^-4 Msun的原始尘埃的辐射。瞬态的光谱能量分布也显示了近红外过剩，可以解释从新形成的尘埃在喷出物的排放。或者，近红外和中红外的过度可以一起解释为一个单一的预先存在的几何厚尘埃壳。根据斯皮策获得的新观测结果，我们重新分析了光谱和运动学，并与以前研究中的大质量黄超巨星IRC+10420进行了比较。我们发现，原行星状星云与NGC 300瞬变和SN 2008 S有许多共同的性质。我们的结论是，即使不能排除大质量恒星（> 10 Msun）的爆炸，但大质量（6-10 Msun）富碳AGB/super-AGB或post-AGB恒星的爆炸事件与迄今为止对瞬变及其祖先的所有观测结果一致。
英文摘要：
We present a Spitzer/IRS low-resolution mid-infrared spectrum (5-14 micron) of the luminous transient discovered in the nearby galaxy NGC 300 in May 2008. The spectrum, obtained three months after discovery, shows that the transient is very luminous in the mid-IR. Furthermore, the spectrum shows strong, broad emission features at 8 and 12 micron that are observed in Galactic carbon-rich proto-planetary nebulae. Combining these data with published optical and near-IR photometry obtained at the same epoch, we find that the mid-IR excess traced by the Spitzer spectrum accounts for ~20% of the total energy output. This component can be well explained by emission from ~3x10^-4 Msun of pre-existing progenitor dust at temperature ~400 K. The spectral energy distribution of the transient also shows a near-IR excess that can be explained by emission from newly-formed dust in the ejecta. Alternatively, both the near-IR and mid-IR excesses can together be explained by a single pre-existing geometrically thick dust shell. In light of the new observations obtained with Spitzer, we revisit the analysis of the optical spectra and kinematics, which were compared to the massive yellow-hypergiant IRC+10420 in previous studies. We show that proto-planetary nebulae share many properties with the NGC 300 transient and SN 2008S. We conclude that even though the explosion of a massive star (> 10 Msun) cannot be ruled out, an explosive event on a massive (6-10 Msun) carbon-rich AGB/super-AGB or post-AGB star is consistent with all observations of the transients and their progenitors presented thus far.
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