arXiv 1509.063752015-09-21hep-phhep-ex

中微子质量产生机制的强子对撞机试验

Hadron Collider Tests of Neutrino Mass-Generating Mechanisms

Richard E. Ruiz

备注：: PhD thesis. University of Pittsburgh, April 2015. 220 pages total, 48 figures. Based on arXiv submissions 1211.6447, 1312.3324, and 1411.7305 with expanded discussion on collider physics

摘要：

粒子物理学的标准模型是目前在小距离和高能量下对自然界的最佳描述。然而，由于中微子质量很小但不为零，希格斯玻色子玻色子的质量在辐射修正下不稳定，而且对理解费米子质量的层次结构几乎没有指导，SM仍然是一个不令人满意的自然描述。存在解决这些问题的动机良好的场景，但也预测扩展的量规（例如，左右对称模型）、标量（例如，超对称性），和/或费米子扇区（例如，跷跷板模型）。因此，发现这样的新状态将产生深远的影响。在回顾了SM和对撞机物理的基本原理之后，研究了几种超越SM（BSM）的方案，以减轻这些缺点。重点放在生产一个沉重的马约拉纳中微子在强子对撞机的背景下，低能量，有效的理论，同时解释中微子质量的起源和他们的小相比，其他基本费米子，所谓的跷跷板机制。作为新物理的探索，我们还研究了在SM模型、I型和II型双希格斯模型（2 HDM）以及有效场论（EFT）的半模型独立框架下稀有顶夸克衰变为希格斯玻色子的过程。这些模型在当前和未来的对撞机实验的观测前景和发现潜力进行了量化。

英文摘要：

The Standard Model of particle physics (SM) is presently the best description of nature at small distances and high energies. However, with tiny but nonzero neutrino masses, a Higgs boson mass unstable under radiative corrections, and little guidance on understanding the hierarchy of fermion masses, the SM remains an unsatisfactory description of nature. Well-motivated scenarios that resolve these issues exist but also predict extended gauge (e.g., Left-Right Symmetric Models), scalar (e.g., Supersymmetry), and/or fermion sectors (e.g., Seesaw Models). Hence, discovering such new states would have far-reaching implications. After reviewing basic tenets of the SM and collider physics, several beyond the SM (BSM) scenarios that alleviate these shortcomings are investigated. Emphasis is placed on the production of a heavy Majorana neutrinos at hadron colliders in the context of low-energy, effective theories that simultaneously explain the origin of neutrino masses and their smallness compared to other elementary fermions, the so-called Seesaw Mechanisms. As probes of new physics, rare top quark decays to Higgs bosons in the context of the SM, the Types I and II Two Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM), and the semi-model independent framework of Effective Field Theory (EFT) have also been investigated. Observation prospects and discovery potentials of these models at current and future collider experiments are quantified.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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英文摘要：

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