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arXiv 1509.02573quant-ph
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受激原子上速度相关的偶极力

Velocity-dependent dipole forces on an excited atom

Manuel Donaire, Astrid Lambrecht

摘要:

本文计算了受激原子偶极相对于另一种基态原子作相对运动时的速度相关力。计算了它与单原子和稀原子板的相互作用。在任何一种情况下,总力都由保守的范德华力分量和非保守的伦琴力分量组成。在物理上,前者对应于受激原子在吸收和发射光子的过程中所经历的与速度相关的反冲,所述光子周期性地与基态原子交换。后者对应于伦琴动量的时间变化,这也是介导的准共振光子的周期性交换。我们发现,在领先的顺序,所有这些相互作用是线性的速度。在非延迟状态下,范德华力占主导地位,与速度反平行。相反,在延迟区,速度相关力在空间中振荡,范德华力和伦琴力在原子-原子相互作用中是同阶的,伦琴分量在原子-表面相互作用中占主导地位。

英文摘要:

We present a time-dependent calculation of the velocity-dependent forces which act on an excited atomic dipole in relative motion with respect to ground state atoms of a different kind. Both, its interaction with a single atom and with a dilute atomic plate are evaluated. In either case, the total force consists of a conservative van der Waals component and a non-conservative Rontgen component. On physical grounds, the former corresponds to the velocity-dependent recoil experienced by the excited atom in the processes of absorption and emission of the photons that it exchanges with the ground state atoms on a periodic basis. The latter corresponds to the time-variation of the Rontgen momentum, which is also mediated by the periodic exchange of quasi-resonant photons. We find that, at leading order, all these interactions are linear in the velocity. In the non-retarded regime the van der Waals force dominates, being antiparallel to the velocity. On the contrary, in the retarded regime the velocity-dependent forces oscillate in space, van der Waals and Rontgen forces are of the same order in the atom-atom interaction, and the Rontgen component dominates in the atom-surface interaction.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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