补偿拓扑绝缘体中电子和空穴的水坑
Revealing puddles of electrons and holes in compensated topological insulators
摘要:
三维拓扑绝缘体具有奇异的金属表面态。在传输或光学中,这些性质通常被缺陷诱导的体载流子所掩盖。施主和受主的补偿降低了载流子密度,但体电阻率仍然非常小。我们表明,在BiSbTeSe $_2$的光学电导率的测量精确定位在低温下,这是必不可少的理解DC散装运输中的散装电子空穴水坑的存在。即使在完全补偿的情况下,也是由于施主和受主的库仑势的大的波动而产生的。令人惊讶的是,出现在熔池中的载流子数量随着温度的升高而迅速下降,并且在40 K左右几乎消失。蒙特卡罗模拟表明,一个高度非线性的屏蔽效应所产生的热激活载流子破坏的温度范围内设置相邻的掺杂剂之间的库仑相互作用的水坑,解释实验观察半定量。如果供体和受体不能完全补偿,这种机制仍然有效。
英文摘要:
Three-dimensional topological insulators harbour metallic surface states with exotic properties. In transport or optics, these properties are typically masked by defect-induced bulk carriers. Compensation of donors and acceptors reduces the carrier density, but the bulk resistivity remains disappointingly small. We show that measurements of the optical conductivity in BiSbTeSe$_2$ pinpoint the presence of electron-hole puddles in the bulk at low temperatures, which is essential for understanding DC bulk transport. The puddles arise from large fluctuations of the Coulomb potential of donors and acceptors, even in the case of full compensation. Surprisingly, the number of carriers appearing within puddles drops rapidly with increasing temperature and almost vanishes around 40 K. Monte Carlo simulations show that a highly non-linear screening effect arising from thermally activated carriers destroys the puddles at a temperature scale set by the Coulomb interaction between neighbouring dopants, explaining the experimental observation semi-quantitatively. This mechanism remains valid if donors and acceptors do not compensate perfectly.
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