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arXiv 1507.08280astro-ph.GA
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31 GHz宇宙背景成像仪对银河系恒星形成区的观测

Observations of Galactic star-forming regions with the Cosmic Background Imager at 31 GHz

Constantinos Demetroullas, Clive Dickinson, Dimitrios Stamadianos, Stuart Harper, Kieran Cleary, Mike Jones, Tim Pearson, Anthony Readhead, Angela Taylor

摘要:

对银河系弥散射电辐射的研究对于更好地理解银河系的物理条件和最大限度地减少宇宙学测量中的污染都是很有意义的。基于此,我们提出了宇宙背景成像仪31 GHz的观测银河系区域NGC 6357,NGC 6334,W51和W 40在$\sim$ 4 $'$ .5分辨率和进行调查的光谱发射过程中的区域在4 $'$ .5和1 $^{\circ}$分辨率。我们发现,在该地区的大部分发射是由于光学薄自由。对于NGC 6334的2个子区域和W51的子区域,在4 $'$ .5分辨率和31 GHz下,我们检测到的发射比从较低频率下的无线电数据外推的预期少,假设光谱指数为$-$ 0.12,光学薄自由发射分别为3.3 $σ$、3.7 $σ$和6.5 $σ$。我们还检测到过量的排放在子区域的NCG 6334在6.4 $σ$后,排除任何可能的贡献超紧凑HII(UCHII)地区。在1 $^{\circ}$分辨率下,我们在W 40的光谱能量分布(SED)中检测到一个自旋尘埃分量,该分量占峰值频率为37 GHz的区域中总通量密度的18 $\pm$ 7%。与100个${\rm μm}$数据的比较表明,$0.5\pm4.4$ $μ$ K(MJy sr $^{-1}$)$^{-1}$子区域的平均尘埃发射率。最后,我们将该区域中的过量发射转化为相对于250 ${\rm μm }$处的光学深度的异常微波发射(AME)发射率。我们发现,这种形式的发射率是独立的AME的意义,并有一个值的顺序为10 $^4$ Jy。

英文摘要:

Studies of the diffuse Galactic radio emission are interesting both for better understanding the physical conditions in our Galaxy and for minimising the contamination in cosmological measurements. Motivated by this we present Cosmic Background Imager 31 GHz observations of the Galactic regions NGC 6357, NGC 6334, W51 and W40 at $\sim$4$'$.5 resolution and conduct an investigation of the spectral emission process in the regions at 4$'$.5 and 1$^{\circ}$ resolution. We find that most of the emission in the regions is due to optically thin free-free. For 2 sub-regions of NGC 6334 and for a sub-region of W51 though, at 4$'$.5 resolution and at 31 GHz we detect less emission than expected from extrapolation of radio data at lower frequencies assuming a spectral index of $-$0.12 for optically thin free-free emission, at 3.3$σ$, 3.7$σ$ and 6.5$σ$ respectively. We also detect excess emission in a sub-region of NCG 6334 at 6.4$σ$, after ruling out any possible contribution from Ultra Compact HII (UCHII) regions. At 1$^{\circ}$ resolution we detect a spinning dust component in the Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) of W40 that accounts for 18$\pm$7 % of the total flux density in the region at the peak frequency of 37 GHz. Comparison with 100 ${\rm μm}$ data indicate an average dust emissivity for the sub-regions of $0.5\pm4.4$ $μ$K(MJy sr$^{-1}$)$^{-1}$. Finally we translate the excess emission in the regions to an Anomalous Microwave Emission (AME) emissivity relative to the optical depth at 250 ${\rm μm }$. We find that this form of emissivity is independent of the AME significance and has a value somewhere in the order of 10$^4$ Jy.

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