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arXiv 1507.04869cs.ITmath.IT
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异构大规模MIMO网络中的自适应导频分簇

Adaptive Pilot Clustering in Heterogeneous Massive MIMO Networks

Rami Mochaourab, Emil Björnson, Mats Bengtsson

摘要:

我们考虑蜂窝大规模MIMO网络的上行链路。在基站(BS)处获取信道状态信息需要上行链路导频信令。由于正交导频序列的数量受到信道相干性的限制,因此需要跨小区的导频重用以实现高频谱效率。然而,找到有效的导频重用模式是不平凡的,特别是在实际的非对称BS部署中。我们使用联盟博弈论来处理这个问题。每个BS具有几个唯一的导频,并且可以与其他BS形成联盟以获得对更多导频的接入。因此,联盟中的BS受益于以较高的导频污染和干扰为代价服务其小区中的更多用户。考虑到小区的平均频谱效率取决于整个导频复用模式,合适的联盟博弈模型是分区形式的。我们开发了一个低复杂度的分布式联盟形成的基础上,个人的稳定性。通过引入基站互通预算约束,我们能够控制基站之间消息交换的开销,并确保算法收敛到称为单独稳定联盟结构的博弈解。仿真结果表明,快速的算法收敛和大量的性能增益的基线计划,没有导频重用,全导频重用,或随机导频重用模式。

英文摘要:

We consider the uplink of a cellular massive MIMO network. Acquiring channel state information at the base stations (BSs) requires uplink pilot signaling. Since the number of orthogonal pilot sequences is limited by the channel coherence, pilot reuse across cells is necessary to achieve high spectral efficiency. However, finding efficient pilot reuse patterns is non-trivial especially in practical asymmetric BS deployments. We approach this problem using coalitional game theory. Each BS has a few unique pilots and can form coalitions with other BSs to gain access to more pilots. The BSs in a coalition thus benefit from serving more users in their cells, at the expense of higher pilot contamination and interference. Given that a cell's average spectral efficiency depends on the overall pilot reuse pattern, the suitable coalitional game model is in partition form. We develop a low-complexity distributed coalition formation based on individual stability. By incorporating a base station intercommunication budget constraint, we are able to control the overhead in message exchange between the base stations and ensure the algorithm's convergence to a solution of the game called individually stable coalition structure. Simulation results reveal fast algorithmic convergence and substantial performance gains over the baseline schemes with no pilot reuse, full pilot reuse, or random pilot reuse pattern.

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