Persistent plasma upflows were observed with Hinode's EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) at the edges of active region (AR) 10978 as it crossed the solar disk. We analyze the evolution of the photospheric magnetic and velocity fields of the AR, model its coronal magnetic field, and compute the location of magnetic null-points and quasi-sepratrix layers (QSLs) searching for the origin of EIS upflows. Magnetic reconnection at the computed null points cannot explain all of the observed EIS upflow regions. However, EIS upflows and QSLs are found to evolve in parallel, both temporarily and spatially. Sections of two sets of QSLs, called outer and inner, are found associated to EIS upflow streams having different characteristics. The reconnection process in the outer QSLs is forced by a large-scale photospheric flow pattern which is present in the AR for several days. We propose a scenario in which upflows are observed provided a large enough asymmetry in plasma pressure exists between the pre-reconnection loops and for as long as a photospheric forcing is at work. A similar mechanism operates in the inner QSLs, in this case, it is forced by the emergence and evolution of the bipoles between the two main AR polarities. Our findings provide strong support to the results from previous individual case studies investigating the role of magnetic reconnection at QSLs as the origin of the upflowing plasma. Furthermore, we propose that persistent reconnection along QSLs does not only drive the EIS upflows, but it is also responsible for a continuous metric radio noise-storm observed in AR 10978 along its disk transit by the Nançay Radio Heliograph.
Subarcsecond Bright Points and Quasi-periodic Upflows Below a Quiescent Filament Observed by the IRIS
利用IRIS的紫外光谱和SJIs,以及太阳动力学天文台(SDO)的日冕图像和磁图,我们提出了一个静止的暗条通道的新特征:亚弧秒亮点(BPs)和准周期上升流。TR中的BP具有约350 $-$ 580 km的空间尺度和超过几十分钟的寿命。它们位于细丝通道中较强的磁性结构处,磁通量约为10 $^{17}$ $-$ 10 $^{18}$ Mx。准周期性的增亮和上升流中观察到的BP和周期约为4 $-$ 5分钟。BP和相关的射流状上升流包括一个“蝌蚪形”的结构。上升流沿明亮的细丝运动,其方向几乎平行于细丝的脊。从具有相反极性磁场的BPs发起的上升流具有相反的方向。上升气流在天空平面内的速度约为5 $-$ 50 km s $^{-1}$。Si IV 1402.77的发射线在上升流处出现了约5 $-$ 30 km s $^{-1}$的明显蓝移,谱线轮廓展宽,宽度超过20 km s $^{-1}$。这些边界点似乎是细丝的基础,并且上升流能够输送质量以实现细丝的动态平衡。先前观测中的“逆流”流动可能是由相反极性磁场引发的双向上升流的传播引起的。我们认为,准周期性增亮的BPs和准周期性上升流的小尺度振荡的磁重联,这是由太阳p模式波调制的结果。
Three-dimensional magnetic reconnection in unipolar regions. A case study of coronal bright points in the Sun
Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Cité, CEA, CNRS, AIM(巴黎萨克雷大学、巴黎西岱大学、法国原子能和替代能源委员会、法国国家科学研究中心);Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias(加那利群岛天体物理研究所);Universidad de La Laguna, Dept. Astrofísica(拉古纳大学,天体物理学系);European Space Agency (ESA), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC)(欧洲空间局(ESA),欧洲空间研究与技术中心(ESTEC))
Investigating Energetic X-Shaped Flares on the Outskirts of A Solar Active Region
典型的太阳耀斑在色球层上显示出两条准平行的明亮带状物。在它们之间的是极性反转线(PIL),其分离有源区(AR)中相反极性的集中磁通量。有趣的是,在NOAA AR 11967外围的类似位置也发生了一系列X形条带的耀斑,那里的磁通量分散,但其中三个耀斑的能量惊人。X形状,其中心与硬X射线发射重合,在UV/EUV中是相似的,这在标准耀斑模型中是不能容纳的。绘制出势场中的磁连通性,我们发现X形态由两个准分界线层的交叉决定,即,双曲线通量管(HFT),其中嵌入连接双零的分离器。这种拓扑结构不是纯粹的局部,而是受整个AR的通量和流量的调节。非线性无力场模型建议在HFT处形成电流层,其中电流耗散可以通过场对准热传导映射到X形带。这些结果突出了高频电磁场在三维磁重联中的关键作用,并对天体物理和实验室等离子体具有重要意义。
Evolution of Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability in the Fan-Spine Topology
利用太阳动力学天文台(SDO)大气成像组件(AIA)的多波长成像观测资料,研究了扇脊磁场结构中开尔文-亥姆霍兹(K-H)不稳定性的演化。这种磁拓扑结构存在于活动区AR 12297附近,并植根于附近的太阳黑子。在这种磁结构中,两层冷等离子体平行流动,并在细长的脊柱内相互作用。较慢的等离子体流(5 $km s^{-1}$)是从顶部沿着脊场线的反射流,其与从下方的脉冲等离子体上升流(114-144 km s $^{-1}$)相互作用。这个过程产生剪切运动和随后的K-H不稳定性的演变。K-H不稳定涡旋的振幅和特征波长增大,满足不稳定性最快增长模式的判据。在第二稠密层,两层速度差和K-H不稳定涡的速度大于Alfven速度,也满足K-H不稳定性增长的判据。在存在的磁场和剪切逆流等离子体中观察到的风扇脊柱拓扑结构,我们估计的参数常数,$Λ\ge$ 1,确认速度剪切的主导地位和演变的线性相位的K-H不稳定性。这一观察结果表明,在复杂的磁场结构和流动的存在下,风扇脊柱配置可能演变成快速加热,而连接性的变化,由于通过K-H不稳定性的破碎。