建立相对太阳黑子数有意义吗？一个合格的“是”
Does Building a Relative Sunspot Number Make Sense? A Qualified 'Yes'
摘要：
最近的研究表明，在过去的两三个太阳活动周期中，每组（“活动区”）的太阳黑子数量一直在减少，经典的相对太阳黑子数（SSN）不再是太阳磁活动的良好代表，例如F10.7 cm微波通量所揭示的。SSN是在假设每组的斑点数量是恒定的（实际上，名义上等于10）的情况下得出的。当情况不再如此时（比率接近5，只有其标称值的一半），问题就出现了如何构建一个考虑到这一点的太阳黑子数系列。我们建议将SSN与已被证明很好地遵循F10.7的太阳黑子群计数相协调，但也包括黑子计数的日常变化，以保持长期和短期的变化。
英文摘要：
Recent research has demonstrated that the number of sunspots per group ('active region') has been decreasing over the last two or three solar cycles and that the classical Relative Sunspot Number (SSN) no longer is a good representation of solar magnetic activity such as revealed by e.g. the F10.7 cm microwave flux. The SSN is derived under the assumption that the number of spots per group is constant (in fact, nominally equal to 10). When this is no longer the case (the ratio is approaching 5, only half of its nominal value) the question arises how to construct a sunspot number series that takes that into account. We propose to harmonize the SSN with the sunspot Group Count that has been shown to follow F10.7 very well, but also to include the day-to-day variations of the spot count in order to preserve both long-term and short-term variability.
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