两个普遍的物理原理塑造了真实世界网络的幂律统计
Two universal physical principles shape the power-law statistics of real-world networks
摘要：
对复杂网络的研究通过关注微观可观测量中的幂律来追求对宏观行为的理解。在这里，我们揭示了复杂网络生成的两个普遍的基本物理原理。这些原理共同预测了偏离理想幂律的普遍出现，这在前面通过参考热力学极限进行了讨论。我们的方法提出了一个复杂网络物理学的范式转变，朝着使用幂律偏差来推断宏观观测的中尺度结构。
英文摘要：
The study of complex networks has pursued an understanding of macroscopic behavior by focusing on power-laws in microscopic observables. Here, we uncover two universal fundamental physical principles that are at the basis of complex networks generation. These principles together predict the generic emergence of deviations from ideal power laws, which were previously discussed away by reference to the thermodynamic limit. Our approach proposes a paradigm shift in the physics of complex networks, toward the use of power-law deviations to infer meso-scale structure from macroscopic observations.
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