实用的循环差分相移量子密钥分发
Practical round-robin differential-phase-shift quantum key distribution
摘要：
量子密钥分发（QKD）的安全性依赖于海森堡不确定原理，合法用户可以利用该原理通过监测传输的量子信号的扰动来估计信息泄漏。通常，干扰反映为筛选密钥中的位翻转错误;因此，从密钥中删除任何泄漏信息的隐私放大通常取决于误码率。最近，提出了一种隐私放大不依赖于误码率的循环差分相移QKD协议[Nature 509，475（2014）]。泄漏信息的量可以在状态准备阶段期间由发送者限定，并且因此与不可靠的量子信道的行为无关。在我们的工作中，我们应用标签技术的协议，并提出了一个紧界的关键率和采用诱饵状态的方法。在实际条件下，考虑了背景噪声和失调的影响。我们的仿真结果表明，该协议可以容忍信道错误率接近50%，在一个典型的实验设置。也就是说，在实践中对错误率的限制可以忽略不计。
英文摘要：
The security of quantum key distribution (QKD) relies on the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, with which legitimate users are able to estimate information leakage by monitoring the disturbance of the transmitted quantum signals. Normally, the disturbance is reflected as bit flip errors in the sifted key; thus, privacy amplification, which removes any leaked information from the key, generally depends on the bit error rate. Recently, a round-robin differential-phase-shift QKD protocol for which privacy amplification does not rely on the bit error rate [Nature 509, 475 (2014)] was proposed. The amount of leaked information can be bounded by the sender during the state-preparation stage and hence, is independent of the behaviour of the unreliable quantum channel. In our work, we apply the tagging technique to the protocol and present a tight bound on the key rate and employ a decoy-state method. The effects of background noise and misalignment are taken into account under practical conditions. Our simulation results show that the protocol can tolerate channel error rates close to 50% within a typical experiment setting. That is, there is a negligible restriction on the error rate in practice.
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