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arXiv 1505.01445gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-th
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从经典慢卷膨胀看宇宙的体积加权

Volume Weighting the Measure of the Universe from Classical Slow-Roll Expansion

David Sloan, Joseph Silk

摘要:

早期宇宙宇宙学中最令人沮丧的问题之一是,如何协调弦论和它最可信的高能兄弟--永恒暴胀--中的大量宇宙选择。这些宇宙共同产生了弦景观,而经过微调的宇宙数量相对较少,它们经历了大规模的膨胀,可以容纳观测者,特别是星系。我们表明,这样的意见是非常有利于任何系统,其中物理参数分布在一个高能量的规模,由于守恒的刘维尔措施和规范的体积性质,渐近接近一个大的各向同性膨胀期的特点是$w=-1$。我们的解释预测,在可预见的未来,所有偏离$w=-1$的观测探测都注定要失败。本文的目的不是介绍一个新的措施的多重宇宙,而是要显示什么也许是最自然和众所周知的措施,体积加权,出现作为一个结果的守恒的刘维尔措施相空间在经典的慢卷膨胀。

英文摘要:

One of the most frustrating issues in early universe cosmology centers on how to reconcile the vast choice of universes in string theory and in its most plausible high energy sibling, eternal inflation, that jointly generate the string landscape with the fine-tuned and hence relatively small number of universes that have undergone a large expansion and can accommodate observers and, in particular, galaxies. We show that such observations are highly favored for any system whereby physical parameters are distributed at a high energy scale, due to the conservation of the Liouville measure and the gauge nature of volume, asymptotically approaching a period of large isotropic expansion characterised by $w=-1$. Our interpretation predicts that all observational probes for deviations from $w=-1$ in the foreseeable future are doomed to failure. The purpose of this paper is not to introduce a new measure for the multiverse, but rather to show how what is perhaps the most natural and well known measure, volume weighting, arises as a consequence of the conservation of the Liouville measure on phase space during the classical slow-roll expansion.

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