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arXiv 1504.04857astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SR
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Ia型超新星SN 2011 fe的星云光谱和丰度层析成像:具有稳定Fe核的正常SN Ia

Nebular spectra and abundance tomography of the type Ia supernova SN 2011fe: a normal SN Ia with a stable Fe core

P. A. Mazzali, M. Sullivan, A. V. Filippenko, P. M. Garnavich, K. I. Clubb, K. Maguire, Y. -C. Pan, R. Shappee, J. M. Silverman, S. Benetti, S. Hachinger, K. Nomoto, E. Pian

摘要:

本文给出了Ia型超新星SN 2011 fe第一年的一系列光学光谱和一个近红外星云光谱,并进行了模拟。密度分布,证明最好的早期光学/紫外光谱,“rho-11 fe”,扩展到较低的速度,包括在星云时代发射的区域。rho-11 fe模型介于快速爆燃模型W7和低能延迟爆轰模型之间。如果最里面的喷出物主要是由中子丰富,稳定的铁组物种,这有助于冷却,但不加热,得到良好的拟合星云光谱。因此,可以达到正确的热平衡,以便用所观察到的比率再现最强的[Fe II]和[Fe III]线。由此获得的56 Ni质量为0.47 +/- 0.05 Mo。大部分56 Ni的最外层速度约为8500 km/s。稳定铁的质量为0.23 +/- 0.03 Mo。稳定的Ni具有低丰度,~10^{-2} Mo。这足以再现在7400 A附近观察到的发射谱线。一个亚亚一个模拟模型,其中富含中子的Fe-组物种位于56镍以下最近的建议也示出产生光谱,不太兼容的观测。从星云分析中获得的内层的密度和丰度,与先前获得的外层的密度和丰度相结合,用于计算合成的测辐射热光变曲线,与SN 2011 fe的光变曲线相比是有利的。

英文摘要:

A series of optical and one near-infrared nebular spectra covering the first year of the Type Ia supernova SN 2011fe are presented and modelled. The density profile that proved best for the early optical/ultraviolet spectra, "rho-11fe", was extended to lower velocities to include the regions that emit at nebular epochs. Model rho-11fe is intermediate between the fast deflagration model W7 and a low-energy delayed-detonation. Good fits to the nebular spectra are obtained if the innermost ejecta are dominated by neutron-rich, stable Fe-group species, which contribute to cooling but not to heating. The correct thermal balance can thus be reached for the strongest [FeII] and [FeIII] lines to be reproduced with the observed ratio. The 56Ni mass thus obtained is 0.47 +/- 0.05 Mo. The bulk of 56Ni has an outermost velocity of ~8500 km/s. The mass of stable iron is 0.23 +/- 0.03 Mo. Stable Ni has low abundance, ~10^{-2} Mo. This is sufficient to reproduce an observed emission line near 7400 A. A sub-Chandrasekhar explosion model with mass 1.02 Mo and no central stable Fe does not reproduce the observed line ratios. A mock model where neutron-rich Fe-group species are located above 56Ni following recent suggestions is also shown to yield spectra that are less compatible with the observations. The densities and abundances in the inner layers obtained from the nebular analysis, combined with those of the outer layers previously obtained, are used to compute a synthetic bolometric light curve, which compares favourably with the light curve of SN 2011fe.

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