$^{46}$ Ar周围核电荷密度分布的中心凹陷
Central depressions in the charge density profiles of the nuclei around $^{46}$Ar
摘要：
利用相对论Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov（RHB）和相对论Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov（RHFB）理论，通过对氩同位素和$N = 28$同位素的体性质、电荷密度分布和单质子能谱的研究，研究了质子泡状结构的产生.结果表明，考虑PKA 1有效相互作用的RHFB计算能较好地再现氩同位素的电荷半径和附近的$Z=16$质子壳层，但由于预测的束缚质子轨道$\pi2s_{1/2}$比$\pi1d_{3/2}$更深，因而不支持氩同位素中存在质子泡状结构.对于$N = 28$同位素，由于质子$\pi2s_{1/2}$和$\pi1d_{5/2}$轨道之间的大间隙，即$Z=14$质子壳层，用RHFB和RHB模型预测$^{42}$ Si和$^{40}$ Mg具有质子泡状结构。因此，$^{42}$ Si被认为是质子泡核的潜在候选者，它比$^{40}$ Mg具有更长的寿命。
英文摘要：
The occurrence of the proton bubble-like structure has been studied within the relativistic Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (RHFB) and relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov (RHB) theories by exploring the bulk properties, the charge density profiles and single proton spectra of argon isotopes and $N = 28$ isotones. It is found that the RHFB calculations with PKA1 effective interaction, which can properly reproduce the charge radii of argon isotopes and the $Z=16$ proton shell nearby, do not support the occurrence of the proton bubble-like structure in argon isotopes due to the prediction of deeper bound proton orbit $\pi2s_{1/2}$ than $\pi1d_{3/2}$. For $N = 28$ isotones, $^{42}$Si and $^{40}$Mg are predicted by both RHFB and RHB models to have the proton bubble-like structure, owing to the large gap between the proton $\pi2s_{1/2}$ and $\pi1d_{5/2}$ orbits, namely the $Z=14$ proton shell. Therefore, $^{42}$Si is proposed as the potential candidate of proton bubble nucleus, which has longer life-time than $^{40}$Mg.
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