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arXiv 1504.04600astro-ph.COhep-phhep-th
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暴胀后标准模型希格斯粒子的衰变

The Decay of the Standard Model Higgs after Inflation

Daniel G. Figueroa, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Francisco Torrenti

摘要:

我们研究了标准模型(SM)在通货膨胀后的非微扰动力学,在该制度下,SM是去耦(或弱耦合)的通货膨胀部门。我们在(3+1)维的膨胀盒中使用经典的晶格模拟,模拟了SM规范相互作用与全球和阿贝尔-希格斯模拟方案。我们考虑不同的通货膨胀后的扩张率。在暴胀过程中,希格斯粒子形成一种凝聚态,在暴胀结束后不久就开始振荡。通过非微扰效应,振荡导致希格斯粒子快速衰变为SM粒子,将大部分能量转移到$Z$和$W^{\pm}$玻色子中。所有物种最初都是远离平衡激发的,但它们的相互作用使它们进入一个稳定的阶段,在不同的能量成分之间进行精确的均分。从那里开始,系统最终达到平衡。我们已经详细描述了希格斯粒子及其主要衰变产物在不同膨胀历史中的演化,直到建立均分。我们提供了一个有用的映射之间的模拟与不同的参数,从那里我们得到一个主公式的希格斯衰变时间,作为一个函数的耦合常数,希格斯初始振幅和postinflation膨胀率。

英文摘要:

We study the nonperturbative dynamics of the Standard Model (SM) after inflation, in the regime where the SM is decoupled from (or weakly coupled to) the inflationary sector. We use classical lattice simulations in an expanding box in (3+1) dimensions, modeling the SM gauge interactions with both global and Abelian-Higgs analogue scenarios. We consider different post-inflationary expansion rates. During inflation, the Higgs forms a condensate, which starts oscillating soon after inflation ends. Via nonperturbative effects, the oscillations lead to a fast decay of the Higgs into the SM species, transferring most of the energy into $Z$ and $W^{\pm}$ bosons. All species are initially excited far away from equilibrium, but their interactions lead them into a stationary stage, with exact equipartition among the different energy components. From there on the system eventually reaches equilibrium. We have characterized in detail, in the different expansion histories considered, the evolution of the Higgs and of its dominant decay products, until equipartition is established. We provide a useful mapping between simulations with different parameters, from where we derive a master formula for the Higgs decay time, as a function of the coupling constants, Higgs initial amplitude and postinflationary expansion rate.

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