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arXiv 1504.01636astro-ph.SR
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用观测的恒星性质标定对流效率的α参数

Calibrating the α parameter of convective efficiency using observed stellar properties

X. S. Wu, S. Alexeeva, L. Mashonkina, L. Wang, G. Zhao, F. Grupp

摘要:

上下文在确定精确的恒星参数和恒星化学成分时,合成模型大气计算仍然是最常用的工具。除了三维模型,始终解决流体动力学过程,一维模型,使用近似对流能量传输发挥了主要作用。目标。我们使用现代Balmer线形成理论以及太阳和南河三的光谱能量分布(SED)测量来校准模型参数α,该参数描述了我们的一维模型中的对流效率。对流在参数空间中的一个显著范围内进行了校准,从F-K沿着主层序到达,并在宽范围的金属丰度上对岔道和巨型分支进行采样。这种校准与理论评估进行了比较,并允许对恒星大气进行精确建模。方法.我们使用Balmer线拟合和SED拟合来确定对流效率参数α。这两种方法对光球层的结构和温度分层都很敏感。结果虽然SED拟合不允许精确确定太阳和南河三的对流参数,但它们都有利于显著高于1.0的值。Balmer线拟合,我们发现更敏感,表明对流效率参数α是$\approx$ 2.0的主序星和迅速下降到$\approx$ 1.0的演化恒星。这些结果与3D模型的预测高度一致。虽然主序星上的数值与预测非常吻合,但测量结果表明,随着恒星向巨星分支演化,对流效率的降低比模型预测的更为剧烈。

英文摘要:

Context. Synthetic model atmosphere calculations are still the most commonly used tool when determining precise stellar parameters and stellar chemical compositions. Besides three-dimensional models that consistently solve for hydrodynamic processes, one-dimensional models that use an approximation for convective energy transport play the major role. Aims. We use modern Balmer-line formation theory as well as spectral energy distribution (SED) measurements for the Sun and Procyon to calibrate the model parameter α that describes the efficiency of convection in our 1D models. Convection was calibrated over a significant range in parameter space, reaching from F-K along the main sequence and sampling the turnoff and giant branch over a wide range of metallicities. This calibration was compared to theoretical evaluations and allowed an accurate modeling of stellar atmospheres. Methods. We used Balmer-line fitting and SED fits to determine the convective efficiency parameter α. Both methods are sensitive to the structure and temperature stratification of the deeper photosphere. Results. While SED fits do not allow a precise determination of the convective parameter for the Sun and Procyon, they both favor values significantly higher than 1.0. Balmer-line fitting, which we find to be more sensitive, suggests that the convective efficiency parameter α is $\approx$ 2.0 for the main sequence and quickly decreases to $\approx$ 1.0 for evolved stars. These results are highly consistent with predictions from 3D models. While the values on the main sequence fit predictions very well, measurements suggest that the decrease of convective efficiency as stars evolve to the giant branch is more dramatic than predicted by models.

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