arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1504.01327cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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无序对Cu $_2$ SnS $_3$中载流子输运的影响

Effects of disorder on carrier transport in Cu$_2$SnS$_3$

Lauryn L. Baranowski, Kevin McLaughlin, Pawel Zawadzki, Stephan Lany, Andrew Norman, Hannes Hempel, Rainer Eichberger, Thomas Unold, Eric S. Toberer, Andriy Zakutayev

摘要:

近年来,Cu $_2$ ZnSn(S,Se)$_4$光伏器件的效率的进一步改进由于包括阳离子无序的若干材料问题而受到阻碍。Cu $_2$ SnS $_3$是一种有前途的新型吸波材料,近年来引起了人们的极大兴趣。然而,类似于CZTS,Cu $_2$ SnS $_3$显示阳离子无序。在这项工作中,我们开发的合成技术,以控制在Cu $_2$ SnS $_3$薄膜的无序。通过操纵这种材料中的无序,我们观察到晶体结构的变化,并检测到多数载流子(空穴)传输的改善。然而,当使用光泵浦太赫兹探测光谱研究少数载流子(电子)传输时,在有序和无序Cu $_2$ SnS $_3$之间观察到最小的差异。通过将这些结果与第一性原理和Monte Carlo理论计算相结合,我们能够得出结论,即使表面上“有序”的Cu $_2$ SnS $_3$显示少数载流子输运特性对应的无序结构。在TEM成像中观察到的所有样品中存在的扩展平面缺陷表明,即使使用传统的结构表征方法无法检测到,也存在无序。本研究的结果突出了进一步改进Cu $_2$ SnS $_3$基光致发光材料的一些挑战,并对其他无序多元半导体如CZTS具有影响。

英文摘要:

In recent years, further improvements in the efficiency of Cu$_2$ZnSn(S,Se)$_4$ photovoltaic devices have been hampered due to several materials issues, including cation disorder. Cu$_2$SnS$_3$ is a promising new absorber material that has attracted significant interest in recent years. However, similar to CZTS, Cu$_2$SnS$_3$ displays cation disorder. In this work, we develop synthetic techniques to control the disorder in Cu$_2$SnS$_3$ thin films. By manipulating the disorder in this material, we observe crystal structure changes and detect improvements in the majority carrier (hole) transport. However, when the minority carrier (electron) transport was investigated using optical pump terahertz probe spectroscopy, minimal differences were observed between the ordered and disordered Cu$_2$SnS$_3$. By combining these results with first-principles and Monte Carlo theoretical calculations, we are able to conclude that even ostensibly "ordered" Cu$_2$SnS$_3$ displays minority carrier transport properties corresponding to the disordered structure. The presence of extended planar defects in all samples, observed in TEM imaging, suggests that disorder is present even when it is not detectable using traditional structural characterization methods. The results of this study highlight some of the challenges to the further improvement of Cu$_2$SnS$_3$-based photovoltaics, and have implications for other disordered multinary semiconductors such as CZTS.

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