We introduce and develop the notion of hyper-ideals of multilinear operators between Banach spaces. While the well studied notion of ideals of multilinear operators (multi-ideals) relies on the composition with linear operators, the notion we propose, by considering the composition with multilinear operators, explores more deeply the nonlinear feature of the subject. The results we prove show that, although more restrictive a priori, hyper-ideals enjoy nice general properties and its theory is rich enough to provide distinguished examples in every situation where the corresponding multi-ideal fails to be a hyper-ideal.
In the nonlinear field of multilinear operators and homogeneous polynomials between Banach spaces, we develop a technique, based on the transformation of vector-valued sequences, to create new examples of hyper-ideals of multilinear operators, polynomial hyper-ideals and polynomial two-sided ideals. Several well studied ideals are shown to be actually hyper-ideals or two-sided ideals.
In view of the fact that some classical methods to construct multi-ideals fail in constructing hyper-ideals, in this paper we develop two new methods to construct hyper-ideals of multilinear operators between Banach spaces. These methods generate new classes of multilinear operators and show that some important well studied classes are Banach or p-Banach hyper-ideals.
For each ideal of multilinear mappings $\cal M$ we explicitly construct a corresponding ideal $^{a}{\cal M}$ such that multilinear forms in $^{a}{\cal M}$ are exactly those which can be approximated, in the uniform norm, by multilinear forms in ${\cal M}$. This construction is then applied to finite type, compact, weakly compact and absolutely summing multilinear mappings. It is also proved that the correspondence ${\cal M} \mapsto ^{a}{\cal M}$ is Aron-Berner stability preserving.
We develop the duality theory between ideals of multilinear operators and tensor norms that arises from the geometric approach of $Σ$-operators. To this end, we introduce and develop the notions of $Σ$-ideals of multilinear operators and $Σ$-tensor norms. We establish the foundations of this theory by proving a representation theorem for maximal $Σ$-ideals of multilinear operators by finitely generated $Σ$-tensor norms and a duality theorem for $Σ$-tensor norms. For these notions we also develop basic theory and present concrete examples.
A standard technique in infinite dimensional holomorphy, which produced several useful results, uses the Borel transform to represent linear functionals on certain spaces of multilinear operators between Banach spaces as multilinear operators. In this paper we develop a technique to represent linear functionals, as linear operators, on spaces of multilinear operators that are beyond the scope of the standard technique. Concrete applications to some well studied classes of multilinear operators, including the class of compact multilinear operators, and to one new class are provided. We can see,…
We analyze the interplay between maximal/minimal/adjoint ideals of multilinear operators (between sequence spaces) and their associated Köthe sequence spaces. We establish relationships with spaces of multipliers and apply these results to describe diagonal multilinear operators from Lorentz sequence spaces. We also define and study some properties of the ideal of $(E;p)$-summing multilinear mappings, a natural extension of the linear ideal of absolutely $(E;p)$-summing operators.
The aim of this paper is to start the study of multilinear generalizations of the classical ideals of linear operators of type $p$ and cotype $q$. As a first step in a theory we believe will be long and fruitful, we propose a notion of type and cotype of multilinear operators and the resulting classes of such mappings are studied in the setting of the theory of Banach/quasi-Banach ideals of multilinear operators. Distinctions between the linear and the multilinear theories are pointed out, typical multilinear features of the theory are emphasized and many illustrative examples are provided. Th…
We study tensor norms that destroy unconditionality in the following sense: for every Banach space $E$ with unconditional basis, the $n$-fold tensor product of $E$ (with the corresponding tensor norm) does not have unconditional basis. We establish an easy criterion to check weather a tensor norm destroys unconditionality or not. Using this test we get that all injective and projective tensor norms different from $\varepsilon$ and $π$ destroy unconditionality, both in full and symmetric tensor products. We present applications to polynomial ideals: we show that many usual polynomial ideals nev…
Under some natural hypotheses, we show that if a multilinear mapping belongs to some Banach multlinear ideal, then it can be approximated by multilinear mappings belonging to the same ideal whose Arens extensions simultaneously attain their norms. We also consider the class of symmetric multilinear mappings.
Considering the successful theory of multiple summing multilinear operators as a prototype, we introduce the classes of multiple Cohen strongly p-summing multilinear operators and polynomials. The adequacy of these classes under the viewpoint of the theory of multilinear and polynomial ideals and holomorphy types is discussed in detail. Some abstract results are also proved in the abstract setting of the full general Pietsch Domination Theorem due to Pellegrino, Santos and Seoane-Sepúlveda.
In this paper we provide a unifying approach to the study of Banach ideals of linear and multilinear operators defined, or characterized, by the transformation of vector-valued sequences. We investigate and apply the linear and multilinear stabilities of some frequently used classes of vector-valued sequences.
We construct a general framework that generates classes of multilinear operators between Banach spaces which encompasses, as particular cases, the several classes of summing type multilinear operators that have been studied individually in the literature. Summing operators by blocks in the isotropic and anisotropic cases are taken into account. The classes we create are shown to be Banach ideals of multilinear operators and applications to coherence and coincidence theorems are provided.
This paper has a twofold purpose: to present an overview of the theory of absolutely summing operators and its different generalizations for the multilinear setting, and to sketch the beginning of a research project related to an objective search of \textquotedblleft perfect\textquotedblright \ multilinear extensions of the ideal of absolutely summing operators. The final section contains some open problems that may indicate lines for future investigation.
Unifying several directions of the development of the study of summing multilinear operators between Banach spaces, we construct a general framework that studies, under one single definition, multilinear operators that are summing with respect to sums taken over any number of indices, iterated and non-iterated sums (the isotropic and the anisotropic cases), sums over arbitrary blocks and over several different sequence norms. A large number of special classes of multilinear operators and of methods of generating classes of multilinear operators are recovered as particular instances. Ideal prop…
We characterize those bounded multilinear operators that factor through a Hilbert space in terms of its behavior in finite sequences. This extends a result, essentially due to S. Kwapień, from the linear to the multilinear setting. We prove that Hilbert-Schmidt and Lipschitz $2$-summing multilinear operators naturally factor through a Hilbert space. It is also proved that the class $Γ$ of all multilinear operators that factor through a Hilbert space is a maximal multi-ideal; moreover, we give an explicit formulation of a finitely generated tensor norm $γ$ which is in duality with $Γ$.
We introduce a notion of $(p,q)$-dominated multilinear operators which stems from the geometrical approach provided by $Σ$-operators. We prove that $(p,q)$-dominated multilinear operators can be characterized in terms of their behavior on finite sequences and in terms of their relation with a Lapresté tensor norm. We also prove that they verify a generalization of the Pietsch's Domination Theorem and Kwapień's Factorization Theorem. Also, we study the collection $\mathcal{D}_{p,q}$ of all $(p,q)$-dominated multilinear operators showing that $\mathcal{D}_{p,q}$ has a maximal ideal demeanor and …
Basing on the work of Pellegrino et al. on factorable strongly p-summing multilinear operators, we will continue study this class of operators and borrowing the same idea for the category of p-nuclear operators. Therefore, we will construct other multilinear and polynomial ideals for which the most valuable results of the theory of p-nuclear linear operators are available, namely the Pietsch domination theorem and the well known factorization given by Cohen and Kwapien for p-nuclear operators.
We prove that any pair of reasonable cross norms defined on the tensor product of $n$ Banach spaces induce $(2k)^{n-1}$-Lipschitz equivalent metrics (and thus, a unique topology) on the set $S^k_{X_1,\ldots, X_n}$ of vectors of rank $\leq k$. With this, we define the Segre cone of Banach spaces, $Σ_{X_1,\ldots, X_n},$ and state when $S^k_{X_1,\ldots, X_n}$ is closed. We introduce an auxiliary mapping (a $Σ$-operator) that allows us to study multilinear mappings with a geometrical point of view. We use the isometric correspondence between multilinear mappings and Lipschitz $Σ$-operators, to hav…
We provide coincidence results for vector-valued ideals of multilinear operators. More precisely, if $\mathfrak A$ is an ideal of $n$-linear mappings we give conditions for which the following equality $\mathfrak A(E_1,\dots,E_n;F) = {\mathfrak A}^{min}(E_1,\dots,E_n;F)$ holds isometrically. As an application, we obtain in many cases that the monomials form a Schauder basis on the space $\mathfrak A(E_1,\dots,E_n;F)$. Several structural and geometric properties are also derived using this equality. We apply our results to the particular case where $\mathfrak A$ is the classical ideal of extend…
In this paper, we explore the concept of multilinear operators that are multiple almost summing and present a new concept of type and cotype of multilinear operators and investigate the conditions for this new concept to recover the original concept of type and type for multilinear operators. We also show that these classes are Banach multi-ideals and establish the coherence and compatibility of these classes with the generated homogeneous polynomials.
Ideals of polynomials and multilinear operators between Banach spaces have been exhaustively investigated in the last decades. In this paper, we introduce a unified (and more general) approach and propose some lines of investigation in this new framework. Among other results, we prove a Bohnenblust--Hille inequality in this more general setting.
In the last decades many authors have become interested in the study of multilinear and polynomial generalizations of families of operator ideals (such as, for instance, the ideal of absolutely summing operators). However, these generalizations must keep the essence of the given operator ideal and there seems not to be a universal method to achieve this. The main task of this paper is to discuss, study, and introduce multilinear and polynomial extensions of the aforementioned operator ideals taking into account the already existing methods of evaluating the adequacy of such generalizations. Be…
A tensor norm $β= (β_{n})_{n=1}^{\infty}$ is smooth if the natural correspondence $(E_{1} \otimes\cdots\otimes E_{n} \otimes\mathbb{K},β_{n+1}) \longleftrightarrow (E_{1} \otimes\cdots\otimes E_{n} ,β_{n})$ is always an isometric isomorphism. In this paper we study the representation of multi-ideals and of ideals of multilinear forms by smooth tensor norms.
In this paper, we construct the abstract ideal of polynomials. We show this is an ideal of Banach and, in a second moment, we explore the question of the coherence and compatibility of the pair composed by the abstract ideals of polynomials and multilinear applications.
What is an adequate extension of an operator ideal I to the polynomial and multilinear settings? This question motivated the appearance of the concepts of coherent sequences of polynomial ideals and compatibility of a polynomial ideal with an operator ideal, introduced by D. Carando el al. We propose a different approach by considering pairs (U_{k},M_{k})_{k=1}^{\infty}, where (U_{k})_{k=1}^{\infty} is a polynomial ideal and (M_{k})_{k=1}^{\infty} is a multi-ideal, instead of considering just polynomial ideals. Our approach ends a discomfort caused by the previous theory: for real scalars the …
The paper is concerned with compact bilinear operators on asymmetric normed spaces. The study of multilinear operators on asymmetric normed spaces was initiated by Latreche and Dahia, Colloq. Math. (2020). We go further in this direction and prove a Schauder type theorem on the compactness of the adjoint of a compact bilinear operator and study the ideal properties of spaces of compact bilinear operators. These extend some results of Ramanujan and Schock, Linear and Multilinear Algebra (1985), and Ruch, ibid. (1989), on compact bilinear operators on Banach spaces. On the space of bilinear form…
