arXiv 1504.002612015-04-01physics.atom-phphysics.optics

强场激发体系的瞬态吸收光谱相位重构

Phase reconstruction of strong-field excited systems by transient-absorption spectroscopy

Z. Liu, S. M. Cavaletto, C. Ott, K. Meyer, Y. Mi, Z. Harman, C. H. Keitel, T. Pfeifer

备注：: 5 pages, 4 figures

摘要：

我们研究了一个V型三能级系统的演化，该系统的两个共振是由两个超短激光泵浦和探测脉冲相干激发和耦合的，它们被一个变化的时间延迟分开。我们将激发态多能级系统的量子动力学与透射探测脉冲的吸收谱联系起来。特别是，通过分析系统的量子演化，我们解释了原子相位是如何不同地编码的时间延迟相关的光谱吸收曲线时，泵浦脉冲之前或之后的探测脉冲。实验上我们将此方案应用于Rb原子，Rb原子的精细结构分裂$5s\,^2S_{1/2}\rightarrow 5p\,^2P_{1/2}$和$5s\,^2S_{1/2}\rightarrow 5p\,^2P_{3/2}$跃迁是由强度可变的泵浦脉冲和延迟的探测脉冲共同驱动的。所提供的量子相位和吸收光谱之间的关系的理解是一个重要的一步，充分依赖于时间的相位重建（量子全息）的束缚态波包在强场光物质与原子，分子和固体的相互作用。

英文摘要：

We study the evolution of a V-type three-level system, whose two resonances are coherently excited and coupled by two ultrashort laser pump and probe pulses, separated by a varying time delay. We relate the quantum dynamics of the excited multi-level system to the absorption spectrum of the transmitted probe pulse. In particular, by analyzing the quantum evolution of the system, we interpret how atomic phases are differently encoded in the time-delay-dependent spectral absorption profiles when the pump pulse either precedes or follows the probe pulse. We experimentally apply this scheme to atomic Rb, whose fine-structure-split $5s\,^2S_{1/2}\rightarrow 5p\,^2P_{1/2}$ and $5s\,^2S_{1/2}\rightarrow 5p\,^2P_{3/2}$ transitions are driven by the combined action of a pump pulse of variable intensity and a delayed probe pulse. The provided understanding of the relationship between quantum phases and absorption spectra represents an important step towards full time-dependent phase reconstruction (quantum holography) of bound-state wave-packets in strong-field light-matter interactions with atoms, molecules and solids.

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