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arXiv 1503.08300astro-ph.GA
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每代恒星的现代产额:IMF的影响

Modern yields per stellar generation: the effect of the IMF

Fiorenzo Vincenzo, Francesca Matteucci, Francesco Belfiore, Roberto Maiolino

摘要:

星系中气体和恒星的金属丰度是目前用来约束星系演化过程的常规参数。这就需要知道每一代恒星的平均产量,$y_{\text{Z}}$,即恒星星族释放到星际介质(ISM)中的金属量,通常假定为固定的基准值。观察到的金属丰度与$y_{\text{Z}}$的预期值的偏差用于量化气体流出或流入的影响,或者甚至作为有偏差的金属丰度校准或不准确的金属丰度诊断的证据。在这里,我们表明,$\rm y_{\text{Z}}$显着依赖于初始质量函数(IMF),变化高达一个大于三的因素,IMF的范围内通常采用各种研究。改变IMF的上质量截止值意味着$y_{\text{Z}}$通过可以大于2的附加因子的进一步变化。这些效应,以及超新星($R$,也取决于IMF)恢复到ISM的气体质量分数的变化,可能会产生欺骗性的结果,如果不适当地考虑。特别是,通常被认为异常高的金属丰度实际上可以用与常用IMF(如Kroupa(2001)或Chabrier(2003))相关的产量来解释。我们提供了我们的结果为两组不同的恒星产量(均受特定的限制)发现,这种假设引入的不确定性可以大到$\sim0.2$德克斯。最后,我们表明,$y_{\text{Z}}$是没有实质性的影响,只要$\text{Z}> 10^{-3}~\text{Z}_{\odot}$的初始恒星金属丰度。

英文摘要:

Gaseous and stellar metallicities in galaxies are nowadays routinely used to constrain the evolutionary processes in galaxies. This requires the knowledge of the average yield per stellar generation, $y_{\text{Z}}$, i.e. the quantity of metals that a stellar population releases into the interstellar medium (ISM), which is generally assumed to be a fixed fiducial value. Deviations of the observed metallicity from the expected value of $y_{\text{Z}}$ are used to quantify the effect of outflows or inflows of gas, or even as evidence for biased metallicity calibrations or inaccurate metallicity diagnostics. Here we show that $\rm y_{\text{Z}}$ depends significantly on the Initial Mass Function (IMF), varying by up to a factor larger than three, for the range of IMFs typically adopted in various studies. Varying the upper mass cutoff of the IMF implies a further variation of $y_{\text{Z}}$ by an additional factor that can be larger than two. These effects, along with the variation of the gas mass fraction restored into the ISM by supernovae ($R$, which also depends on the IMF), may yield to deceiving results, if not properly taken into account. In particular, metallicities that are often considered unusually high can actually be explained in terms of yield associated with commonly adopted IMFs such as the Kroupa (2001) or Chabrier (2003). We provide our results for two different sets of stellar yields (both affected by specific limitations) finding that the uncertainty introduced by this assumption can be as large as $\sim0.2$ dex. Finally, we show that $y_{\text{Z}}$ is not substantially affected by the initial stellar metallicity as long as $\text{Z}> 10^{-3}~\text{Z}_{\odot}$.

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