多组分超导线圈磁化曲线中的分数磁通平台
Fractional Flux Plateau in Magnetization Curve of Multicomponent Superconductor Loop
摘要：
超导体中的时间反演对称性（TRS）可以被打破，三个或更多的凝聚相互排斥，产生两个简并态指定的手征的间隙函数。我们考虑这样的超导体的一个环，其中两个半部分被具有相反手征的两个态占据。分数磁通平台被发现在磁化曲线与自由能最小值，其中两个畴壁之间的两个半部容纳不同的组件间的相位扭结导致有限的绕组数量在一部分的整个冷凝物周围的环路。分数通量平台形成对，其高度与通量量子Φ0 = hc/2 e相关。这一现象是时间反演对称破缺（TRSB）超导的一个明显证据，它为研究普遍存在的多组分超导电性（如铁片晶）中的相对相位差、相位扭折和孤子提供了新的机会。
英文摘要：
Time-reversal symmetry (TRS) may be broken in superconductors with three or more condensates interacting repulsively, yielding two degenerate states specified by chirality of gap functions. We consider a loop of such superconductor with two halves occupied by the two states with opposite chiralities. Fractional flux plateaus are found in magnetization curve associated with free-energy minima, where the two domain walls between the two halves accommodate different inter-component phase kinks leading to finite winding numbers in a part of the whole condensates around the loop. Fractional flux plateaus form pairs with their heights related to the flux quantum Φ0 = hc/2e. This phenomenon is a clear evidence of time-reversal symmetry broken (TRSB) superconductivity, which in a general point of view provides a novel chance to explore relative phase difference, phase kink and soliton in ubiquitous multi-component superconductivity such as that in iron pnicitides.
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