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arXiv 1503.07181hep-thgr-qc
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黑洞的半经典S-矩阵

Semiclassical S-matrix for black holes

Fedor Bezrukov, Dmitry Levkov, Sergey Sibiryakov

摘要:

我们提出了一种半经典方法来计算两阶段引力跃迁的S-矩阵元,这两个阶段的引力跃迁包括物质坍缩到黑洞中以及黑洞蒸发。该方法始终结合了反反应的崩溃和发射量子的度量。我们说明的方法在几个玩具模型描述球形自引力壳在渐近平坦和AdS时空。我们发现电中性壳层以exp(-B)的概率通过上述的散射蒸发过程反射,其中B是中间黑洞的Bekenstein-Hawking熵.这与将exp(B)解释为黑洞态的数量是一致的。如果考虑中间Reissner-Nordstrom黑洞的柯西视界的不稳定性,则在带电壳层的情况下也得到了同样的概率表达式。我们的半经典方法开辟了一个新的系统的方法,在非微扰制度的引力S-矩阵。

英文摘要:

We propose a semiclassical method to calculate S-matrix elements for two-stage gravitational transitions involving matter collapse into a black hole and evaporation of the latter. The method consistently incorporates back-reaction of the collapsing and emitted quanta on the metric. We illustrate the method in several toy models describing spherical self-gravitating shells in asymptotically flat and AdS space-times. We find that electrically neutral shells reflect via the above collapse-evaporation process with probability exp(-B), where B is the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of the intermediate black hole. This is consistent with interpretation of exp(B) as the number of black hole states. The same expression for the probability is obtained in the case of charged shells if one takes into account instability of the Cauchy horizon of the intermediate Reissner-Nordstrom black hole. Our semiclassical method opens a new systematic approach to the gravitational S-matrix in the non-perturbative regime.

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