精确费米子主方程的一般解析解
General analytical solution to exact fermion master equation
摘要：
先前在[Phys. Rev. B \textbf{78}，235311（2008）; New J. Phys. \textbf{12}，083013（2010）]中获得的精确费米子主方程描述了费米子粒子的主系统在外部费米子库（例如，纳米电子系统）的影响下的量子态的动力学。在这里，我们提出了这个精确的费米子主方程的一般解决方案。该解决方案是解析表示在最直观的粒子数表示。它适用于在任意初始状态下制备的主系统中的任意数目的轨道。我们证明了这样的通用解决方案的有用性与纳米结构的人工分子的瞬态动力学。我们展示了各种初始状态如何导致不同的瞬态动力学，表现出众多的潜在的过渡途径。
英文摘要：
The exact fermion master equation previously obtained in [Phys. Rev. B \textbf{78}, 235311 (2008); New J. Phys. \textbf{12}, 083013 (2010)] describes the dynamics of quantum states of a principal system of fermionic particles under the influences of external fermion reservoirs (e.g. nanoelectronic systems). Here, we present the general solution to this exact fermion master equation. The solution is analytically expressed in the most intuitive particle number representation. It is applicable to an arbitrary number of orbitals in the principal system prepared at arbitrary initial states. We demonstrate the usefulness of such general solution with the transient dynamics of nanostructured artificial molecules. We show how various initial states can lead to distinct transient dynamics, manifesting a multitude of underlying transition pathways.
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