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arXiv 1503.05100astro-ph.HE
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高纬度平动分子云作为局域宇宙射线的探测器

High Latitude, Translucent Molecular Clouds as Probes of Local Cosmic Rays

R. D. Abrahams, T. A. D. Paglione

摘要:

我们分析了9个高纬度,半透明的分子云与费米大面积望远镜(LAT)之间的250兆电子伏和10 GeV的伽马射线发射。对伽马射线的观测使我们能够探测太阳附近宇宙射线的密度和光谱。研究的云位于距离太阳$\sim\!$ 270 pc的范围内,选自普朗克全天CO图。在这个能量范围内的伽马射线主要是由宇宙射线与星际介质的相互作用产生的,它由三种成分追踪:HI,CO和暗气体。每一片云都被探测到,并显示出分子气体发出的显著的、扩展的伽马射线。有些云的γ射线发射主要由CO发射气体控制,而有些云的γ射线发射主要由CO暗气体控制。HI的平均发射率和伽马射线幂律指数高于1 GeV,没有证据表明系统的变化。CO到H的$_2$转换因子显示在这个小的空间范围内云之间没有变化,但是在每个云内显示显著的变化。平均CO-到-H $_2$转换因子表明CO-暗气体是分子的,而不是光学厚的HI。

英文摘要:

We analyze the gamma-ray emission from 9 high latitude, translucent molecular clouds taken with the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) between 250 MeV and 10 GeV. Observations of gamma-rays allow us to probe the density and spectrum of cosmic rays in the solar neighborhood. The clouds studied lie within $\sim\!$270 pc from the Sun and are selected from the Planck all-sky CO map. Gamma-rays in this energy range mostly result from cosmic ray interactions with the interstellar medium, which is traced with three components: HI, CO, and dark gas. Every cloud is detected and shows significant, extended gamma-ray emission from molecular gas. The gamma-ray emission is dominated by the CO-emitting gas in some clouds, but by the CO-dark gas in others. The average emissivity and gamma-ray power law index from HI above 1 GeV shows no evidence of a systematic variation. The CO-to-H$_2$ conversion factor shows no variation between clouds over this small spatial range, but shows significant variations within each cloud. The average CO-to-H$_2$ conversion factor suggests that the CO-dark gas is molecular as opposed to optically thick HI.

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