arXiv 1503.050072015-03-17hep-thhep-phphysics.hist-ph

量子场论从QED到大统一的演变

The Evolution of Quantum Field Theory, From QED to Grand Unification

Gerard 't Hooft

备注：: 25 pages in total. A contribution to: The Standard Theory up to the Higgs discovery - 60 years of CERN - L. Maiani and G. Rolandi, eds
DOI：: 10.1142/9789814733519_0001

摘要：

在20世纪70年代早期，经过缓慢的起步和许多障碍，量子场论成为理解相对论亚原子粒子之间相互作用的优越理论。在相对论场论模型可重整化的条件建立之后，有两个其他的发展迅速加速了这种方法的接受：首先是布鲁特-恩格勒-希格斯机制，然后是渐近自由。这些加在一起，使我们对理论的微扰部分有了完整的理解，足以使我们对现在通常所说的标准模型有一个详细的了解。许多实验发现提供了强有力的证据和证据，这对理解至关重要。随后，讨论了量子场论的非微扰特征，并提出了第一个完全统一的量子场论。由于各种连续对称性的使用，以及高等数学的其他主题，被认为是至关重要的，许多新的预言被指出，如希格斯粒子，超对称性和重子数破坏。今后仍有许多挑战。

英文摘要：

In the early 1970s, after a slow start, and lots of hurdles, Quantum Field Theory emerged as the superior doctrine for understanding the interactions between relativistic sub-atomic particles. After the conditions for a relativistic field theoretical model to be renormalizable were established, there were two other developments that quickly accelerated acceptance of this approach: first the Brout-Englert-Higgs mechanism, and then asymptotic freedom. Together, these gave us a complete understanding of the perturbative sector of the theory, enough to give us a detailed picture of what is now usually called the Standard Model. Crucial for this understanding were the strong indications and encouragements provided by numerous experimental findings. Subsequently, non-perturbative features of the quantum field theories were addressed, and the first proposals for completely unified quantum field theories were launched. Since the use of continuous symmetries of all sorts, together with other topics of advanced mathematics, were recognised to be of crucial importance, many new predictions were pointed out, such as the Higgs particle, supersymmetry and baryon number violation. There are still many challenges ahead.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

摘要：

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