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arXiv 1503.04370astro-ph.GA
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矮不规则星系的恒星形成定律

A Star Formation Law for Dwarf Irregular Galaxies

Bruce G. Elmegreen, Deidre A. Hunter

摘要:

气体,恒星和远紫外辐射在20个矮不规则星系的径向配置文件转换为稳定性参数和尺度高度的测试的重要性,促进恒星形成的二维(2D)不稳定性。一个详细的模型,这种不稳定性涉及气体和恒星流体的自洽厚度和能量耗散上的扰动交叉时间给出了不稳定的增长率。我们发现,所有的位置是有效稳定的二维扰动,主要是因为磁盘厚。然后,我们考虑中平面的平均体积密度,从所观察到的HI表面密度和计算的刻度高度进行评估。恒星形成率的径向分布约等于HI表面密度的1%除以平均中面密度下的自由降落时间。这1%类似于在其他情况下通常发现的每单位自由降落时间的效率。在我们所有的星系中,这种效率随着半径的变化还有进一步的变化,遵循指数盘,其尺度长度大约等于恒星质量尺度长度的两倍。这种额外的变化是仿照分子分数在扩散介质中使用辐射转移解决方案的星系与我们的样品的观测尺寸和属性。我们的结论是,恒星的形成是由三维气体引力过程和分子形成的组合激活。外盘结构和形成的影响进行了讨论。

英文摘要:

The radial profiles of gas, stars, and far ultraviolet radiation in 20 dwarf Irregular galaxies are converted to stability parameters and scale heights for a test of the importance of two-dimensional (2D) instabilities in promoting star formation. A detailed model of this instability involving gaseous and stellar fluids with self-consistent thicknesses and energy dissipation on a perturbation crossing time give the unstable growth rates. We find that all locations are effectively stable to 2D perturbations, mostly because the disks are thick. We then consider the average volume densities in the midplanes, evaluated from the observed HI surface densities and calculated scale heights. The radial profiles of the star formation rates are equal to about 1% of the HI surface densities divided by the free fall times at the average midplane densities. This 1% resembles the efficiency per unit free fall time commonly found in other cases. There is a further variation of this efficiency with radius in all of our galaxies, following the exponential disk with a scale length equal to about twice the stellar mass scale length. This additional variation is modeled by the molecular fraction in a diffuse medium using radiative transfer solutions for galaxies with the observed dimensions and properties of our sample. We conclude that star formation is activated by a combination of three-dimensional gaseous gravitational processes and molecule formation. Implications for outer disk structure and formation are discussed.

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