微波修饰态选择势用于原子干涉测量
Microwave-dressed state-selective potentials for atom interferometry
摘要：
我们提出了一种新的和强大的技术来实现一个光束分离器的捕获玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体（BEC）。该方案依赖于两个内部原子态同时产生不同势的可能性。原子通过两个长寿命内部态之间的拉比耦合从单阱势相干转移到双阱。我们提出的数值模拟支持我们的建议，并确认良好的效率和保真度的传输过程与现实的数字为$^{87}$ Rb的BEC。我们讨论的实验实施建议状态选择微波势作为一个理想的工具，被利用磁囚禁原子。该技术的工作原理在我们的原子芯片器件上进行了测试，该器件具有集成的共面微波波导。特别是，第一次实现的双阱势，通过使用微波修整场的报告。实验结果与数值模拟，显示出良好的一致性。同时和独立的控制外电位也证明了在两个铷时钟状态。描述了单阱和双阱两种态之间的转移过程，并测量了双阱中原子的能谱。我们的结果表明，两个状态之间的空间重叠是至关重要的，以确保分束器的功能。即使在我们目前的设置中无法实现这种条件，所提出的技术可以实现与当前最先进的设备特别适合于原子芯片实验。我们预期在量子增强干涉测量中的应用。
英文摘要：
We propose a novel and robust technique to realize a beam splitter for trapped Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). The scheme relies on the possibility of producing different potentials simultaneously for two internal atomic states. The atoms are coherently transferred, via a Rabi coupling between the two long-lived internal states, from a single well potential to a double-well. We present numerical simulations supporting our proposal and confirming excellent efficiency and fidelity of the transfer process with realistic numbers for a BEC of $^{87}$Rb. We discuss the experimental implementation by suggesting state-selective microwave potentials as an ideal tool to be exploited for magnetically trapped atoms. The working principles of this technique are tested on our atom chip device which features an integrated coplanar micro-wave guide. In particular, the first realization of a double-well potential by using a microwave dressing field is reported. Experimental results are presented together with numerical simulations, showing good agreement. Simultaneous and independent control on the external potentials is also demonstrated in the two Rubidium clock states. The transfer between the two states, featuring respectively a single and a double-well, is characterized and it is used to measure the energy spectrum of the atoms in the double-well. Our results show that the spatial overlap between the two states is crucial to ensure the functioning of the beamsplitter. Even though this condition could not be achieve in our current setup, the proposed technique can be realized with current state-of-the-art devices being particularly well suited for atom chip experiments. We anticipate applications in quantum enhanced interferometry.
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