Co-Utility：没有协调机制的自执行协议
Co-Utility: Self-Enforcing Protocols without Coordination Mechanisms
摘要：
在一组代理之间执行某些任务需要使用一些协议来调节它们之间的交互。如果这些代理人是理性的，他们可能会为了自己的利益而试图破坏协议，试图达到提供更大效用的结果。我们重新审视了传统的概念，使用现有的博弈论解决方案的概念实现的自执行协议，我们描述了它在现实世界中的应用的缺点，我们提出了一个新的概念，自执行协议，即co-utile协议。后者代表了一种解决方案概念，在传统的自执行协议需要协调机制的情况下，可以在没有协调机制的情况下实现。在理性代理的分散系统中，由于其效率和公平性，共同效用协议是优选的。我们说明了应用程序的共同效用协议的信息技术，特别是保护隐私的数据库/搜索引擎用户的查询配置文件。
英文摘要：
Performing some task among a set of agents requires the use of some protocol that regulates the interactions between them. If those agents are rational, they may try to subvert the protocol for their own benefit, in an attempt to reach an outcome that provides greater utility. We revisit the traditional notion of self-enforcing protocols implemented using existing game-theoretic solution concepts, we describe its shortcomings in real-world applications, and we propose a new notion of self-enforcing protocols, namely co-utile protocols. The latter represent a solution concept that can be implemented without a coordination mechanism in situations when traditional self-enforcing protocols need a coordination mechanism. Co-utile protocols are preferable in decentralized systems of rational agents because of their efficiency and fairness. We illustrate the application of co-utile protocols to information technology, specifically to preserving the privacy of query profiles of database/search engine users.
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