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arXiv 1503.01491astro-ph.SR
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利用SDO/AIA、Hinode/EIS和RHESSI直接观测太阳耀斑能量释放点

Direct observation of the energy release site in a solar flare by SDO/AIA, Hinode/EIS and RHESSI

Paulo J. A. Simões, David R. Graham, Lyndsay Fletcher

摘要:

我们提供了探测到非爆发性太阳耀斑(SOL 2013 -11- 09 T06:38 UT)中主要能量释放点的直接证据。这GOES C2.7事件的特点是两个耀斑带和一个紧凑的,明亮的日冕源位于它们之间,这是我们研究的重点。我们使用SDO/AIA的成像和RHESSI的成像光谱来分析来自日冕源的热和非热发射,以及来自Hinode/EIS的EUV光谱,其在脉冲峰值期间扫描日冕源,以分析Fe XII和Fe XXIV发射线的多普勒频移,并确定源密度。在脉冲阶段,日冕源在所有AIA滤波器中都表现出脉冲发射光变曲线。RHESSI硬X射线图像显示日冕源的热发射和非热发射,其等离子体温度从RHESSI成像光谱学得出,显示出脉冲上升,在硬X射线峰值前约10秒达到12-13 MK的最大值。与这个明亮的源相关联的高红移表明在很宽的温度范围内有40-250 km/s的下行流,解释为环收缩和/或沿磁场的外流。在171、193、211、304和1600 A的AIA图像上也观察到了从日冕源向每个带状物的流出。从Fe XIV线对获得的源的电子密度是$10^{11.50}$,其对于能量高达45-65 keV的电子是碰撞厚的,负责源的非热X射线发射。我们的结论是,明亮的日冕源是在这个耀斑的主要释放的磁能的位置,与组件之间的交叉,载流环重联的几何形状一致。我们认为,可以通过重联释放的能量,根据观测估计,可以合理地解释耀斑的非热能量。

英文摘要:

We present direct evidence for the detection of the main energy release site in a non-eruptive solar flare, SOL2013-11-09T06:38UT. This GOES C2.7 event was characterised by two flaring ribbons and a compact, bright coronal source located between them, which is the focus of our study. We use imaging from SDO/AIA, and imaging spectroscopy from RHESSI to characterise the thermal and non-thermal emission from the coronal source, and EUV spectroscopy from the Hinode/EIS, which scanned the coronal source during the impulsive peak, to analyse Doppler shifts in Fe XII and Fe XXIV emission lines, and determine the source density. The coronal source exhibited an impulsive emission lightcurve in all AIA filters during the impulsive phase. RHESSI hard X-ray images indicate both thermal and non-thermal emission at the coronal source, and its plasma temperature derived from RHESSI imaging spectroscopy shows an impulsive rise, reaching a maximum at 12-13 MK about 10 seconds prior to the hard X-ray peak. High redshifts associated with this bright source indicate downflows of 40-250 km/s at a broad range of temperatures, interpreted as loop shrinkage and/or outflows along the magnetic field. Outflows from the coronal source towards each ribbon are also observed by AIA images at 171, 193, 211, 304 and 1600 A. The electron density of the source obtained from a Fe XIV line pair is $10^{11.50}$ which is collisionally thick to electrons with energy up to 45-65 keV, responsible for the source's non-thermal X-ray emission. We conclude that the bright coronal source is the location of the main release of magnetic energy in this flare, with a geometry consistent with component reconnection between crossing, current-carrying loops. We argue that the energy that can be released via reconnection, based on observational estimates, can plausibly account for the non-thermal energetics of the flare.

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