Hosotani机制自发规范对称性破缺的规范不变特征
Gauge-invariant signatures of spontaneous gauge symmetry breaking by the Hosotani mechanism
摘要：
细谷机制声称实现规范对称性破缺，例如$SU(3) \to SU(2)\times U(1)$。为了验证这一说法，我们建议监测一个拓扑缺陷的稳定性下的规范子群，但不是在整个规范群，如$U(1)$通量状态或在上述情况下的磁通量。我们使用规范不变算子来探测拓扑缺陷的存在，以避免由规范固定引入的任何歧义。我们的方法也适用于普通规范希格斯体系。
英文摘要：
The Hosotani mechanism claims to achieve gauge-symmetry breaking, for instance $SU(3) \to SU(2)\times U(1)$. To verify this claim, we propose to monitor the stability of a topological defect stable under a gauge subgroup but not under the whole gauge group, like a $U(1)$ flux state or monopole in the case above. We use gauge invariant operators to probe the presence of the topological defect to avoid any ambiguity introduced by gauge fixing. Our method also applies to an ordinary gauge-Higgs system.
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