We propose the object-oriented networking (OON) framework, for meeting the generalized interconnection, mobility and technology integration requirements underlining the Internet. In OON, the various objects that need to be accessed through the Internet (content, smart things, services, people, etc.) are viewed as network layer resources, rather than as application layer resources as in the IP communications model. By abstracting them as computing objects -with attributes and methods- they are identified by expressive, discoverable names, while data are exchanged between them in the context of their methods, based on suitably defined system-specific names. An OON-enabled Internet is not only a global data delivery medium but also a universal object discovery and service development platform; service-level interactions can be realized through native network means, without requiring standardized protocols. OON can be realized through existing software-defined networking or network functions virtualization technologies and it can be deployed in an incremental fashion.
The architectural semantics of \emph{Information-Centric Networking} bring in interesting features in regards to mobility management: Information-Centric Networking is content-oriented, connection-less, and receiver-driven. Despite such intrinsic advantages, the support for node movement is being based on the principles of IP solutions. IP-based solutions are, however, host-oriented, and Information-Centric Networking paradigms are information-oriented. By following IP mobility management principles, some of the natural mobility support advantages of Information-Centric Networking are not bein…
As the Internet struggles to cope with scalability, mobility, and security issues, new network architectures are being proposed to better accommodate the needs of modern systems and applications. In particular, Content-Oriented Networking (CON) has emerged as a promising next-generation Internet architecture: it sets to decouple content from hosts, at the network layer, by naming data rather than hosts. CON comes with a potential for a wide range of benefits, including reduced congestion and improved delivery speed by means of content caching, simpler configuration of network devices, and secu…
Goal-Oriented Multi-Agent Semantic Networking: Unifying Intents, Semantics, and Intelligence
Department of Engineering, King’s College London（伦敦国王学院工程系）；Network Automation Department, NSSR Lab, Nokia Bell Labs（诺基亚贝尔实验室网络自动化部门）；Bristol Research and Innovation Laboratory, Toshiba Europe Ltd.（东芝欧洲有限公司布里斯托尔研究与创新实验室）
In this paper we introduce the Generalized Virtual Networking (GVN) concept. GVN provides a framework to influence the routing of packets based on service level information that is carried in the packets. It is based on a protocol header inserted between the Network and Transport layers, therefore it can be seen as a layer 3.5 solution. Technically, GVN is proposed as a new transport layer protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite. An IP router that is not GVN capable will simply process the IP destination address as usual. Similar concepts have been proposed in other works, and referred to as Ser…
Real-time video surveillance has become a crucial technology for smart cities, made possible through the large-scale deployment of mobile and fixed video cameras. In this paper, we propose situation-aware streaming, for real-time identification of important events from live-feeds at the source rather than a cloud based analysis. For this, we first identify the frames containing a specific situation and assign them a high scale-of-importance (SI). The identification is made at the source using a tiny neural network (having a small number of hidden layers), which incurs a small computational res…
In this paper we describe a hands-on laboratory oriented instructional package that we have developed for data communications and networking. The package consists of a software tool, together with instructional material for a laboratory based networking curriculum. The software is based on a simulation environment that enables the student to experiment with various networking protocols, on an easy to use graphical user interface (GUI). Data message flows, packet losses, control/routing message flows, virtual circuit setups, link failures, bit errors etc., are some of the features that can be v…
Programmable wireless environments enable the software-defined propagation of waves within them, yielding exceptional performance potential. Several building-block technologies have been implemented and evaluated at the physical layer. The present work contributes a network-layer scheme to configure such environments for multiple users and objectives, and for any physical-layer technology. Supported objectives include any combination of Quality of Service and power transfer optimization, eavesdropping and Doppler effect mitigation, in multi-cast or uni-cast settings. Additionally, a graph-base…
- The Internet of Things (IoT) is the result of many different enabling technologies such as embedded systems, wireless sensor networks, cloud computing, big-data, etc. used to gather, process, infer, and transmit data. Integrating all these technologies requires a comprehensive and holistic research effort to address all the challenges imposed by these technologies, especially for sensing and delivering information from physical world to cloud-hosted services. In this paper, we outline the most important issues related to standardization efforts, mobility of objects, networking and gateway ac…
One of the most discussed features offered by Information-centric Networking (ICN) architectures is the ability to support packet-level caching at every node in the network. By individually naming each packet, ICN allows routers to turn their queueing buffers into packet caches, thus exploiting the network's existing storage resources. However, the performance of packet caching at commodity routers is restricted by the small capacity of their SRAM, which holds the index for the packets stored at the, slower, DRAM. We therefore propose Object-oriented Packet Caching (OPC), a novel caching schem…
Recently, machine learning has been used in every possible field to leverage its amazing power. For a long time, the net-working and distributed computing system is the key infrastructure to provide efficient computational resource for machine learning. Networking itself can also benefit from this promising technology. This article focuses on the application of Machine Learning techniques for Networking (MLN), which can not only help solve the intractable old network questions but also stimulate new network applications. In this article, we summarize the basic workflow to explain how to apply …
Enabling Internet connectivity for mobile objects that do not have a permanent home or regular movements is a challenge due to their varying energy budget, intermittent wireless connectivity, and inaccessibility. We present a hardware and software framework that offers robust data collection, adaptive execution of sensing tasks, and flexible remote reconfiguration of devices deployed on nomadic mobile objects such as animals. The framework addresses the overall complexity through a multi-tier architecture with low tier devices operating on a tight energy harvesting budget and high tier cloud s…
Information-centric networking proposals attract much attention in the ongoing search for a future communication paradigm of the Internet. Replacing the host-to-host connectivity by a data-oriented publish/subscribe service eases content distribution and authentication by concept, while eliminating threats from unwanted traffic at an end host as are common in today's Internet. However, current approaches to content routing heavily rely on data-driven protocol events and thereby introduce a strong coupling of the control to the data plane in the underlying routing infrastructure. In this paper,…
Significant advances in edge computing capabilities enable learning to occur at geographically diverse locations. In general, the training data needed in those learning tasks are not only heterogeneous but also not fully generated locally. In this paper, we propose an experimental design network paradigm, wherein learner nodes train possibly different Bayesian linear regression models via consuming data streams generated by data source nodes over a network. We formulate this problem as a social welfare optimization problem in which the global objective is defined as the sum of experimental des…
In this paper, an energy efficient IoT virtualization framework with P2P networking and edge computing is proposed. In this network, the IoT task processing requests are served by peers. The peers in our work are represented by IoT objects and relays that host virtual machines (VMs). We have considered three scenarios to investigate the saving in power consumption and the system capabilities in terms of task processing. The first scenario is the relays only scenario, where the task requests are processed using relays only. The second scenario is the objects only scenario, where the task reques…
A growing trend for information technology is to not just react to changes, but anticipate them as much as possible. This paradigm made modern solutions, such as recommendation systems, a ubiquitous presence in today's digital transactions. Anticipatory networking extends the idea to communication technologies by studying patterns and periodicity in human behavior and network dynamics to optimize network performance. This survey collects and analyzes recent papers leveraging context information to forecast the evolution of network conditions and, in turn, to improve network performance. In par…
Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) is one of the most prevalent attacks that an organizational network infrastructure comes across nowadays. We propose a deep learning based multi-vector DDoS detection system in a software-defined network (SDN) environment. SDN provides flexibility to program network devices for different objectives and eliminates the need for third-party vendor-specific hardware. We implement our system as a network application on top of an SDN controller. We use deep learning for feature reduction of a large set of features derived from network traffic headers. We evaluate…
Peer-to-peer file sharing envisions a data-centric dissemination model, where files consisting of multiple data pieces can be shared from any peer that can offer the data or from multiple peers simultaneously. This aim, implemented at the application layer of the network architecture, matches with the objective of Named Data Networking (NDN), a proposed Internet architecture that features a data-centric communication model at the network layer. To study the impact of a data-centric network architecture on peer-to-peer file sharing, we proposed nTorrent, a peer-to-peer file sharing application …
Mobile networks are undergoing fast evolution to software-defined networking (SDN) infrastructure in order to accommodate the ever-growing mobile traffic and overcome the network management nightmares caused by unremitting acceleration in technology innovations and evolution of the service market.Enabled by virtualized network functionalities, evolving carrier wireless networks tend to share radio access network (RAN) among multiple (virtual) network operators so as to increase network capacity and reduce expenses.However, existing RAN sharing models are operator-oriented, which expose extensi…
With the current host-based Internet architecture, networking faces limitations in dynamic scenarios, due mostly to host mobility. The ICN paradigm mitigates such problems by releasing the need to have an end-to-end transport session established during the life time of the data transfer. Moreover, the ICN concept solves the mismatch between the Internet architecture and the way users would like to use it: currently a user needs to know the topological location of the hosts involved in the communication when he/she just wants to get the data, independently of its location. Most of the research …
In contrast to today's IP-based host-oriented Internet architecture, Information-Centric Networking (ICN) emphasizes content by making it directly addressable and routable. Named Data Networking (NDN) architecture is an instance of ICN that is being developed as a candidate next-generation Internet architecture. By opportunistically caching content within the network (in routers), NDN appears to be well-suited for large-scale content distribution and for meeting the needs of increasingly mobile and bandwidth-hungry applications that dominate today's Internet. One key feature of NDN is the requ…
The physical topology is emerging as the next frontier in an ongoing effort to render communication networks more flexible. While first empirical results indicate that these flexibilities can be exploited to reconfigure and optimize the network toward the workload it serves and, e.g., providing the same bandwidth at lower infrastructure cost, only little is known today about the fundamental algorithmic problems underlying the design of reconfigurable networks. This paper initiates the study of the theory of demand-aware, self-adjusting networks. Our main position is that self-adjusting network…
Information-centric networking (ICN) facilitates content identification in networks and offers parametric representation of content semantics. This work, proposes an ICN/WDM network architecture that uses these features to offer superior network utilization, in terms of performance and power consumption. The architecture introduces an ICN publish/subscribe communication approach to the wavelength layer, whereby, content is aggregated according to its popularity rank into wavelength-size groups that can be published and "subscribed to" by multiple nodes. Consequently, routing and wavelength ass…
The objective of this analysis was to simulate the performance of three different ad-hoc protocols for disruption-tolerant networking (DTN) - i.e. the transfer of information through a network of nodes in contexts prone to signal interruption/signal degradation - and to perform a trade-off analysis that will yield a recommendation of the best course of action (COA) for a user of a space-based network to employ. This is important for space-based networks in particular since transmitting information over long distances - e.g. from directly from the initial node to the destination node - will res…
the storage infrastructure is the foundation on which information relies and therefore must support a company's business objectives and business model. In this environment, simply deploying more and faster storage devices is not enough; a new kind of infrastructure is needed, one that provides more enhanced network availability, data accessibility, and system manageability than is provided by today's infrastructure. The SAN meets this challenge. The SAN liberates the storage device, so it is not on a particular server bus, and attaches it directly to the network. In other words, storage is ext…
Future wireless networks will be characterized by heterogeneous traffic requirements. Such requirements can be low-latency or minimum-throughput. Therefore, the network has to adjust to different needs. Usually, users with low-latency requirements have to deliver their demand within a specific time frame, i.e., before a deadline, and they co-exist with throughput oriented users. In addition, the users are mobile and they share the same wireless channel. Therefore, they have to adjust their power transmission to achieve reliable communication. However, due to the limited power budget of wireles…
Service composition is an aggregate of services often leveraged to automate the enterprise business processes. While Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) has been a forefront of service composition, services can be realized as efficient distributed and parallel constructs such as MapReduce, which are not typically exploited in service composition. With the advent of Software\-Defined Networking (SDN), global view and control of the entire network is made available to the networking controller, which can further be leveraged in application level. This paper presents FIRM, an approach for Softwar…
In this paper, we propose PopNetCod, a popularity-based caching policy for network coding enabled Named Data Networking. PopNetCod is a distributed caching policy, in which each router measures the local popularity of the content objects by analyzing the requests that it receives. It then uses this information to decide which Data packets to cache or evict from its content store. Since network coding is used, partial caching of content objects is supported, which facilitates the management of the content store. The routers decide the Data packets that they cache or evict in an online manner wh…
Immersive media streaming, especially virtual reality (VR)/360-degree video streaming which is very bandwidth demanding, has become more and more popular due to the rapid growth of the multimedia and networking deployments. To better explore the usage of resource and achieve better quality of experience (QoE) perceived by users, this paper develops an application-layer scheme to jointly exploit the available bandwidth from the LTE and Wi-Fi networks in 360-degree video streaming. This newly proposed scheme and the corresponding solution algorithms utilize the saliency of video, prediction of u…
As the shortcomings of our current Internet become more and more obvious, researchers have started creating alternative approaches for the Internet of the future. Their design goals are mainly content-orientation, security, support for mobility and cloud computing. The probably most popular architecture is called Content Centric Networking. Every communication is treated as a distribution of content and caches are used within the network to improve the effectiveness. While the performance gain of Content Centric Networks is undoubted, there are questions about security and especially privacy s…
The emergence of novel wireless networking paradigms such as small cell and cognitive radio networks has forever transformed the way in which wireless systems are operated. In particular, the need for self-organizing solutions to manage the scarce spectral resources has become a prevalent theme in many emerging wireless systems. In this paper, the first comprehensive tutorial on the use of matching theory, a Nobelprize winning framework, for resource management in wireless networks is developed. To cater for the unique features of emerging wireless networks, a novel, wireless-oriented classifi…
In order to improve future network performance, this paper proposes scalable intelligence-enabled networking (SIEN) with eliminating traffic redundancy for audio-visual-tactile Internet in 5G scenarios such as enhanced mobile broadband, ultra-reliable and low latency communication, and massive machine-type communication. The SIEN consists of an intelligent management plane (ImP), an intelligence-enabled plane (IeP), a control plane and a user plane. For the ImP, the containers with decision execution are constructed by a novel graph algorithm to organize objects such as network elements and re…
There has been significant interest in the networking community on the impact of cascade effects on the diffusion of networking technology upgrades in the Internet. Thinking of the global Internet as a graph, where each node represents an economically-motivated Internet Service Provider (ISP), a key problem is to determine the smallest set of nodes that can trigger a cascade that causes every other node in the graph to adopt the protocol. We design the first approximation algorithm with a provable performance guarantee for this problem, in a model that captures the following key issue: a node'…
