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arXiv 1502.06406q-bio.PE
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果蝇基因表达的普遍适应

Pervasive adaptation of gene expression in Drosophila

Armita Nourmohammad, Joachim Rambeau, Torsten Held, Johannes Berg, Michael Lassig

摘要:

基因表达水平是将基因型与分子功能和适合度联系起来的重要分子数量性状。在果蝇中,近年来的群体遗传学研究揭示了基因组水平上的大量适应性进化。然而,基因表达的进化模式仍然存在争议。在这里,我们提出的证据表明,适应主导果蝇基因表达水平的演变。我们发现,在7种果蝇中观察到的表达差异中,有63%是由定向选择〈动〉驱动的适应性变化。我们的研究结果来自物种内的表达变化和相关物种家族的时间分辨分歧,使用一种新的推理方法进行选择。我们确定了适应性调节基因的功能类别,以及性别特异性适应主要发生在男性。我们的分析开辟了一条新的途径,以地图的分子数量性状独立的遗传基础上的全系统选择。

英文摘要:

Gene expression levels are important molecular quantitative traits that link genotypes to molecular functions and fitness. In Drosophila, population-genetic studies in recent years have revealed substantial adaptive evolution at the genomic level. However, the evolutionary modes of gene expression have remained controversial. Here we present evidence that adaptation dominates the evolution of gene expression levels in flies. We show that 63% of the observed expression divergence across seven Drosophila species are adaptive changes driven by directional selection. Our results are derived from the variation of expression within species and the time-resolved divergence across a family of related species, using a new inference method for selection. We identify functional classes of adaptively regulated genes, as well as sex-specific adaptation occurring predominantly in males. Our analysis opens a new avenue to map system-wide selection on molecular quantitative traits independently of their genetic basis.

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